Is It Okay to Eat Mold on Cheese?
Generally, it’s not okay to eat mold on all types of cheese; while some molds are intentionally cultivated and safe to consume on certain hard and semi-hard cheeses, mold on other cheese types can be dangerous and should be discarded.
Introduction: The Murky World of Mold and Cheese
The sight of mold on cheese can be unsettling. Suddenly, your perfectly planned cheese board feels more like a science experiment gone wrong. But before you toss that cheddar into the trash, it’s crucial to understand that not all mold is created equal. In fact, some molds are deliberately used in cheesemaking, contributing to the unique flavors and textures we cherish. Understanding the difference between beneficial and harmful mold is key to safely enjoying your cheese.
Good Mold vs. Bad Mold: A Crucial Distinction
The world of cheese mold is a complex one. Some molds, like Penicillium strains, are essential for creating beloved cheeses such as Brie, Camembert, and blue cheese. These molds contribute to the cheese’s characteristic aroma, flavor, and texture. However, other molds can produce mycotoxins, poisonous substances that can be harmful to human health.
- Good Mold: Intentionally introduced during cheesemaking, often white or blue-green, and contributes to flavor and texture.
- Bad Mold: Unwanted, often fuzzy or brightly colored (e.g., black, orange, pink, green), and potentially produces harmful mycotoxins.
Safe Cheese vs. Unsafe Cheese: Know Your Types
The type of cheese plays a significant role in determining whether mold is safe to consume. Hard and semi-hard cheeses are generally more resistant to mold penetration, making it easier to remove affected areas. Soft cheeses, on the other hand, have a higher moisture content, allowing mold to spread more readily throughout the entire cheese.
Here’s a breakdown:
| Cheese Type | Mold Usually Okay? | When to Discard | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hard Cheeses | Yes, if properly cut | If mold is everywhere | Cheddar, Parmesan, Gouda |
| Semi-Hard Cheeses | Yes, if properly cut | If mold is everywhere | Monterey Jack, Havarti |
| Soft Cheeses | No | Always | Brie, Camembert, Ricotta |
| Crumbled/Shredded | No | Always | Pre-shredded cheddar, etc. |
| Processed Cheese | No | Always | American Cheese, Velveeta |
The Proper Way to Remove Mold from Hard Cheese
If you find mold on a hard cheese like cheddar, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have to throw the whole block away. However, it’s crucial to remove the mold correctly.
- Cut away the mold: Using a clean knife, cut away at least 1 inch around and below the visible mold. The mold’s roots can penetrate deeper than what’s visible on the surface.
- Avoid cross-contamination: Make sure the knife doesn’t touch the mold and then touch the rest of the cheese, as this can spread the mold spores. Use a clean knife or surface for each cut if necessary.
- Re-wrap properly: Wrap the remaining cheese tightly in fresh plastic wrap or wax paper and store it in the refrigerator.
The Risks of Consuming Mold on Cheese
While some molds are harmless, others can produce mycotoxins, which can cause various health problems. The specific effects of mycotoxins vary depending on the type of toxin and the amount consumed. Common symptoms include:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Allergic reactions
- Respiratory problems (from inhaling spores)
In rare cases, some mycotoxins can even cause more serious health problems, such as liver damage or cancer, with prolonged exposure.
Storage is Key: Preventing Mold Growth
Proper storage is crucial to prevent mold growth on cheese.
- Keep it cold: Store cheese in the refrigerator at a temperature between 35-45°F (2-7°C).
- Wrap it tightly: Wrap cheese tightly in plastic wrap, wax paper, or reusable cheese wraps to prevent it from drying out and being exposed to mold spores.
- Dedicated storage: Consider storing cheese in a separate container or drawer in the refrigerator to minimize exposure to other foods.
- Use it promptly: Consume cheese within a reasonable timeframe after opening to prevent spoilage.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
H4: What happens if I accidentally eat moldy cheese?
If you accidentally eat a small amount of moldy cheese, don’t panic. The most likely outcome is that you’ll experience no symptoms at all, or perhaps a mild stomach upset. However, if you experience any severe or prolonged symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, it’s best to consult a doctor.
H4: Can I just scrape the mold off soft cheese?
No. Soft cheeses, such as Brie, Camembert, and ricotta, have a high moisture content, which allows mold to spread rapidly throughout the entire cheese. Even if you scrape off the visible mold, there’s a high probability that mycotoxins have already contaminated the rest of the cheese. Discard it immediately.
H4: Is white mold on cheese always safe?
Not always. While Penicillium candidum, the white mold found on Brie and Camembert, is safe and desirable, other types of white mold can be harmful. If you’re unsure about the type of mold, it’s best to err on the side of caution and discard the cheese.
H4: What about mold on processed cheese?
Never eat mold on processed cheese. Processed cheese, such as American cheese and Velveeta, contains a high amount of moisture and preservatives. The presence of mold indicates significant spoilage, and it’s likely that harmful bacteria are also present.
H4: Can I eat the mold on blue cheese?
Yes, the mold in blue cheese, such as Gorgonzola, Stilton, and Roquefort, is safe to eat. These cheeses are intentionally cultured with specific types of Penicillium mold, which contribute to their characteristic flavor and texture.
H4: What does harmful mold on cheese look like?
Harmful mold on cheese can come in a variety of colors and textures. Look out for mold that is:
- Fuzzy
- Brightly colored (e.g., black, orange, pink, green)
- Slimy
- Has a strong, unpleasant odor
H4: How long does cheese typically last in the refrigerator?
The shelf life of cheese varies depending on the type. Hard cheeses can last for several weeks in the refrigerator, while soft cheeses typically last for only a few days. Always check the expiration date and use your senses (smell, sight, texture) to determine if the cheese is still safe to eat.
H4: Is freezing cheese a good way to prevent mold?
Freezing cheese can help prevent mold growth, but it can also affect the texture and flavor of the cheese. Hard cheeses generally freeze better than soft cheeses. When thawing cheese, do so slowly in the refrigerator to minimize changes in texture.
H4: Are there any health benefits to eating cheeses with mold?
Cheeses containing Penicillium molds, like blue cheese, can offer some potential health benefits. Some studies suggest that these molds may have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, further research is needed to confirm these benefits.
H4: How can I tell if a cheese is truly spoiled?
Beyond the presence of mold, other signs of spoilage include:
- An off-putting odor
- A slimy or sticky texture
- A significant change in color
- A sour or bitter taste
If you notice any of these signs, discard the cheese immediately.
H4: Can I get sick from inhaling mold spores from cheese?
Inhaling mold spores can cause respiratory problems, particularly for individuals with allergies or asthma. While rare, some people can develop allergic reactions to mold spores. Ensure proper ventilation when handling moldy cheese.
H4: Where can I learn more about different types of cheese and molds?
Numerous resources are available online and in libraries. Look for reputable sources like:
- Cheese-making organizations
- University extension programs
- Books by cheese experts
- Food safety websites (FDA, USDA)
Educating yourself about different types of cheese and their associated molds will help you make informed decisions about what you eat and how to store your cheese safely.