Where Did Grilled Cheese Originate? A Crispy History
The modern grilled cheese sandwich, as we know it, has a complex history. While variations existed for centuries, it’s largely considered to have its roots in the 1920s in the United States, spurred by the advent of sliced bread and processed cheese.
The Forerunners: Cheesy Toast and Rarebits
The humble grilled cheese didn’t spring into existence overnight. Its culinary ancestry can be traced back centuries to simple dishes of cheese on bread. In fact, the very concept of melted cheese on toasted bread has been around for as long as both ingredients have existed.
- Medieval Bread and Cheese: Simple combinations of bread and cheese were common across Europe during the Medieval period, although they were often less “grilled” and more “baked” or simply eaten together.
- Welsh Rarebit: A notable ancestor is Welsh Rarebit, a savory sauce made with cheese, ale, and other ingredients, then poured over toasted bread. It existed long before the modern grilled cheese. Though not identical, it embodies the core principle of melted cheese on toasted bread.
These early incarnations, while not the exact grilled cheese we know and love, demonstrate the enduring appeal of the basic concept. They laid the groundwork for the modern sandwich’s eventual arrival.
The Sliced Bread and Processed Cheese Revolution
The true genesis of the modern grilled cheese sandwich lies in the early 20th century. Two key innovations converged to make it a staple:
- Sliced Bread: Commercially sliced bread became widely available in the 1920s, thanks to the invention of the automatic bread-slicing machine by Otto Rohwedder. This made sandwich-making vastly easier and more appealing.
- Processed Cheese: James L. Kraft’s invention of processed cheese in 1916 further simplified the process. Processed cheese was shelf-stable, uniform in texture, and melted beautifully, making it ideal for cooking.
These two inventions democratized the grilled cheese, making it an accessible and affordable meal for families across the United States, especially during the Great Depression.
The Open-Faced Advantage
During the early days of the grilled cheese sandwich in the 1920s and 30s, it was most commonly served open-faced. This style was likely encouraged by cost-saving measures during the Great Depression. Using only one slice of bread meant stretching resources further.
The Closed Sandwich Takes Hold
The now-familiar closed grilled cheese sandwich, with two slices of bread, gradually became the standard. Its rise in popularity likely coincided with improved economic conditions and changing culinary preferences following World War II. The closed sandwich offers a more substantial and satisfying meal.
Grilled Cheese As a Culinary Staple
From its humble beginnings, the grilled cheese has become a universally recognized and loved comfort food. Its simplicity and affordability have made it a staple in homes and restaurants alike.
- Ease of Preparation: Requires minimal ingredients and culinary skill.
- Affordability: A budget-friendly meal option.
- Versatility: Can be customized with a wide range of cheeses, breads, and fillings.
Grilled Cheese Today
The grilled cheese has transcended its basic form and evolved into a gourmet offering. Restaurants now feature elaborate grilled cheese sandwiches with artisanal cheeses, gourmet breads, and inventive fillings. It continues to be a beloved classic, adapted and reimagined for modern tastes.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the origin of the name “grilled cheese”?
The name “grilled cheese” is straightforward, referring to the cooking method (grilling) and the main ingredient (cheese). It replaced earlier terms like “melted cheese sandwich” as it became more common.
Was the grilled cheese popular before sliced bread?
While cheese on toast existed before sliced bread, the ease and affordability of pre-sliced bread significantly contributed to the widespread popularity of the modern grilled cheese.
Did Kraft Singles invent the grilled cheese sandwich?
No, Kraft Singles didn’t invent the grilled cheese, but their processed cheese played a significant role in popularizing it. The consistency and meltability of Kraft Singles made it a convenient and reliable option for grilled cheese making.
What were grilled cheese sandwiches called before “grilled cheese”?
Early versions were sometimes called “melted cheese sandwiches,” “cheese toasties,” or simply “cheese on toast.” The term “grilled cheese” became the dominant name over time.
Why was the grilled cheese so popular during the Great Depression?
The grilled cheese was popular during the Great Depression because it was affordable and filling. Bread and cheese were relatively inexpensive ingredients, and the sandwich provided a satisfying meal during a time of economic hardship.
What is the difference between a grilled cheese and a cheese toastie?
The terms are often used interchangeably. However, in some regions, “cheese toastie” might specifically refer to a sandwich cooked in a toaster rather than grilled on a stovetop or griddle.
What is the most popular cheese for grilled cheese sandwiches?
American cheese is widely considered the most popular cheese for grilled cheese sandwiches due to its meltability and mild flavor. However, cheddar, mozzarella, and provolone are also common choices.
What kind of bread is best for a grilled cheese?
There’s no single “best” bread, but many prefer white bread, sourdough, or country bread for their texture and flavor. The ideal bread should be sturdy enough to hold the cheese and withstand the grilling process. Experimentation is key to finding your favorite.
What’s the secret to a perfectly golden-brown grilled cheese?
Use low to medium heat and spread butter or mayonnaise (yes, mayonnaise!) evenly on the outside of the bread. This allows the bread to cook slowly and evenly, achieving a golden-brown color without burning.
Can you use different types of fat besides butter to make a grilled cheese?
Yes, you can! Mayonnaise, olive oil, and even bacon fat can be used. Mayonnaise, in particular, is a popular choice as it creates a crispy, golden-brown crust.
Is grilled cheese considered a healthy meal?
Grilled cheese is generally not considered a health food due to its high fat and carbohydrate content. However, you can make it healthier by using whole-wheat bread, low-fat cheese, and adding vegetables like tomato or spinach.
How has the grilled cheese sandwich evolved over time?
The grilled cheese has evolved from a simple, affordable meal to a gourmet offering. Chefs and home cooks alike are experimenting with different cheeses, breads, and fillings, creating innovative and elevated versions of this classic sandwich.