What Cheese Can’t You Eat While Pregnant? Understanding Pregnancy Cheese Safety
Pregnant women should primarily avoid unpasteurized soft cheeses due to the risk of Listeria contamination, which can be dangerous for both mother and baby. Safe cheese options include hard cheeses, processed cheeses, and soft cheeses that are clearly labeled as pasteurized.
The Why Behind the Cheese Caution
During pregnancy, a woman’s immune system is naturally suppressed to prevent rejection of the developing fetus. This temporary immune deficiency makes pregnant women more susceptible to foodborne illnesses, particularly Listeriosis, caused by the Listeria monocytogenes bacteria. Listeria can cross the placenta, leading to serious complications, including miscarriage, stillbirth, premature labor, and infection in the newborn. Cheese, especially soft, unpasteurized varieties, provides a potentially conducive environment for Listeria growth.
Pasteurization: The Key to Safe Cheese Consumption
Pasteurization is a heat treatment process that kills harmful bacteria, including Listeria. Cheeses made with pasteurized milk are generally considered safe for pregnant women. The key is to always check the label to confirm that the cheese is made with pasteurized milk.
Soft Cheeses to Avoid (Unless Pasteurised)
Here’s a list of soft cheeses that are typically made with unpasteurized milk and should generally be avoided during pregnancy, unless the label clearly states they are pasteurized:
- Brie
- Camembert
- Feta
- Goat cheese (chèvre)
- Ricotta (fresh, not baked in a casserole)
- Queso fresco
- Queso blanco
- Blue cheeses (Roquefort, Gorgonzola, Stilton)
Safe Cheese Choices During Pregnancy
Fortunately, many delicious cheeses are safe to enjoy during pregnancy. These typically include:
- Hard cheeses: Cheddar, Parmesan, Swiss, Monterey Jack
- Processed cheeses: Cheese spreads, cream cheese (from a reputable brand)
- Pasteurized soft cheeses: Any soft cheese that is clearly labeled as made with pasteurized milk
It’s crucial to always double-check the label, even for cheeses you might assume are safe.
How to Read a Cheese Label: Decoding the Information
Understanding a cheese label is essential for making informed decisions. Look for the following:
- Pasteurization statement: This is the most important piece of information. Look for wording such as “Made with pasteurized milk” or “Pasteurized milk used.”
- Ingredients list: This can provide clues about whether the cheese is likely to be safe. If the ingredients include “raw milk” or “unpasteurized milk,” avoid the cheese.
- Manufacturer information: If you’re unsure about a cheese, contact the manufacturer directly to inquire about their pasteurization practices.
Storage and Handling: Minimizing Risk
Even with safe cheeses, proper storage and handling are crucial to minimize the risk of contamination.
- Store cheese properly in the refrigerator at a temperature below 40°F (4°C).
- Consume cheese before its expiration date.
- Avoid cross-contamination by using separate cutting boards and utensils for cheese and raw foods.
- Wash your hands thoroughly before handling cheese.
Restaurant Cheese Safety: Asking the Right Questions
When dining out, it can be difficult to know for sure whether the cheese used in a dish is pasteurized. Don’t hesitate to ask your server. Specifically ask if the cheese is made with pasteurized milk. If they are unsure, choose a different dish or ask for the cheese to be omitted.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Assuming all soft cheeses are unsafe. Remember, pasteurized soft cheeses are generally safe.
- Not reading the label carefully.
- Trusting your gut feeling without verifying the information. Always rely on facts and label information.
- Ignoring expiration dates.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is Feta cheese safe to eat during pregnancy?
Feta cheese is generally safe to eat during pregnancy only if it is made with pasteurized milk. Always check the label to confirm pasteurization. If you are unsure, it’s best to avoid it.
Can I eat pizza with mozzarella cheese while pregnant?
Yes, most mozzarella cheese sold commercially is pasteurized and therefore safe to eat during pregnancy, especially when cooked on a pizza. However, always check the label to be sure, particularly if ordering from a restaurant.
Is cream cheese safe for pregnant women?
Yes, cream cheese from reputable brands is generally made with pasteurized milk and is safe to eat during pregnancy. Check the label to confirm pasteurization. Avoid homemade or artisan cream cheeses unless you are certain they are made with pasteurized milk.
What about ricotta cheese? Is that safe?
Ricotta cheese can be tricky. If it’s part of a cooked dish like lasagna or baked ziti, it is generally considered safe. However, fresh ricotta, often found in deli containers, should only be consumed if the label confirms it’s made with pasteurized milk.
I’m craving brie! Is there any way I can safely enjoy it?
While traditional brie is often made with unpasteurized milk, you may be able to find brie that is clearly labeled as being made with pasteurized milk. Carefully check the label. If you find a pasteurized version, you can enjoy it in moderation.
Are hard cheeses like cheddar and Swiss safe to eat?
Yes, hard cheeses like cheddar, Swiss, Parmesan, and Monterey Jack are generally safe to eat during pregnancy. This is because their low moisture content makes it difficult for Listeria to grow, and most commercial varieties are made with pasteurized milk anyway.
If I accidentally ate unpasteurized cheese, what should I do?
If you accidentally ate unpasteurized cheese, don’t panic. Monitor yourself for symptoms of Listeriosis, such as fever, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Can cooking cheese eliminate the risk of Listeria?
Yes, *cooking cheese at a high temperature (above 165°F or 74°C) can kill *Listeria* bacteria*. However, it’s still best to *avoid unpasteurized cheeses altogether* during pregnancy. This can reduce the risk of contamination from other sources, such as surfaces and utensils.
Is goat cheese safe to eat during pregnancy?
Goat cheese (chèvre) is safe if it is made with pasteurized milk. Always check the label. Many commercially produced goat cheeses are pasteurized, but artisan varieties may not be.
What about blue cheese, like Roquefort or Gorgonzola?
Blue cheeses like Roquefort, Gorgonzola, and Stilton should be avoided unless the label specifically states that they are made with pasteurized milk. These cheeses have a higher risk of Listeria contamination due to their production process.
Is it safe to eat cheese sauce or cheese dip?
Cheese sauce or dip is generally safe if it is made with pasteurized cheese and thoroughly cooked. Check the ingredients if possible, and be sure the sauce or dip is hot when served.
Where can I find reliable information about food safety during pregnancy?
Consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice. Reputable sources include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). These organizations offer comprehensive guidelines on food safety during pregnancy.