How to Tell If Your Dishwasher Heating Element Is Bad?
The key indicators of a faulty dishwasher heating element include dishes that are still wet after a cycle, poor cleaning performance, and a lack of hot water during the wash or rinse cycles. Testing the element with a multimeter can definitively confirm a break in its circuit.
Understanding the Dishwasher Heating Element
The heating element in your dishwasher plays a crucial role in the cleaning and drying process. It’s responsible for raising the water temperature to optimal levels for dissolving food particles and sanitizing dishes. A properly functioning heating element also contributes significantly to drying efficiency. When this component fails, you’ll likely notice a significant decline in your dishwasher’s performance.
The Importance of a Functional Heating Element
Why is a working heating element so critical? Consider these points:
- Effective Cleaning: Hot water dissolves grease and food residue more effectively than cold water.
- Sanitization: High temperatures kill bacteria, ensuring your dishes are hygienically clean.
- Efficient Drying: Heat promotes evaporation, leaving your dishes dry and ready to use.
- Prevents Spots and Streaks: Hot water aids in the breakdown of detergents, preventing residue buildup and unsightly spots.
Signs of a Failing Heating Element
Recognizing the symptoms of a bad heating element is the first step in diagnosing the problem. Keep an eye out for the following clues:
- Dishes Remain Wet: This is perhaps the most obvious sign. If your dishes are consistently wet after a complete cycle, the heating element may not be working.
- Poor Cleaning Performance: Food residue remains on dishes, even after a full wash cycle.
- Cold Water: If you open the dishwasher mid-cycle and the water isn’t hot, the element is likely the culprit.
- No Heat During Drying Cycle: Some dishwashers have a specific drying cycle that relies heavily on the heating element. If this cycle doesn’t produce heat, suspect the element.
- Error Codes: Modern dishwashers often display error codes that can indicate a heating element problem. Consult your dishwasher’s manual for specific code interpretations.
- Tripped Circuit Breaker: In some cases, a failing heating element can cause a short circuit, tripping the breaker.
Testing the Heating Element with a Multimeter
The most reliable way to determine if your heating element is bad is to test it with a multimeter. Here’s how:
- Safety First: Disconnect the dishwasher from the power supply (unplug it or turn off the circuit breaker).
- Locate the Heating Element: It’s usually located at the bottom of the dishwasher tub, often behind a lower access panel. Consult your dishwasher’s manual for specific location.
- Disconnect the Wires: Carefully disconnect the wires connected to the heating element terminals. Use pliers if necessary.
- Set Up the Multimeter: Set your multimeter to measure resistance (Ohms – Ω).
- Test the Resistance: Touch one probe of the multimeter to each terminal of the heating element.
- Read the Measurement: A working heating element should show a resistance reading within a specific range (typically between 15 and 30 Ohms). A reading of infinity (OL) indicates an open circuit and a faulty heating element. A reading of zero indicates a short circuit.
Typical Resistance Values
| Component | Expected Resistance (Ohms) | Indication of Fault |
|---|---|---|
| Heating Element | 15-30 | Infinity (Open Circuit), 0 (Short Circuit) |
| Thermal Fuse | Close to 0 | Infinity |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
When diagnosing and potentially replacing a dishwasher heating element, avoid these common pitfalls:
- Neglecting Safety Precautions: Always disconnect the power before working on the dishwasher.
- Assuming the Element is the Problem: Other components, like the thermostat or control board, could also be responsible for the issue. Thoroughly diagnose the problem before replacing parts.
- Improperly Testing the Element: Ensure you are using the multimeter correctly and interpreting the readings accurately.
- Purchasing the Wrong Replacement Part: Double-check the part number and compatibility with your dishwasher model.
- Incorrect Installation: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully when installing the new heating element.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can I run my dishwasher without a heating element?
While you can technically run your dishwasher without a functioning heating element, you’ll experience significantly reduced cleaning performance and very poor drying. The dishwasher relies on hot water for effective cleaning and sanitation, and the heating element provides that heat.
How much does it cost to replace a dishwasher heating element?
The cost of replacing a dishwasher heating element varies depending on the model of your dishwasher, the brand of the replacement element, and whether you hire a professional. Generally, the heating element itself can cost between $20 and $100. Professional installation can add another $100 to $300 to the total cost.
Is it easy to replace a dishwasher heating element myself?
Replacing a dishwasher heating element is a relatively straightforward repair for someone with basic appliance repair skills. However, it does involve working with electrical components and requires careful attention to detail. If you’re not comfortable working with electricity, it’s best to hire a professional.
How long does a dishwasher heating element typically last?
The lifespan of a dishwasher heating element can vary, but on average, they last between 5 and 10 years. Factors such as water hardness, frequency of use, and quality of the element can affect its longevity.
Can a bad heating element cause my dishwasher to leak?
No, a bad heating element typically won’t directly cause a leak. However, if you’re disassembling the dishwasher to access the heating element, you could inadvertently damage a seal or hose, leading to a leak.
Are all dishwasher heating elements the same?
No, dishwasher heating elements are not all the same. They vary in size, shape, wattage, and connector type. It’s crucial to purchase a replacement element that is specifically designed for your dishwasher model.
What’s the difference between a heating element and a booster heater in a dishwasher?
A heating element is the primary heating component that heats the water for the wash and rinse cycles. A booster heater, on the other hand, is used to raise the water temperature even higher, often for a sanitize cycle. Some dishwashers may have both.
What is a thermal fuse, and how is it related to the heating element?
A thermal fuse is a safety device designed to prevent the heating element from overheating. If the element gets too hot, the thermal fuse will blow, cutting off power to the element. If your heating element isn’t working, check the thermal fuse as well. Testing with a multimeter similar to testing the heating element can confirm its state.
My dishwasher has two heating elements. How do I test them?
If your dishwasher has two heating elements, test each one individually using the same method described above. Disconnect the power and test the resistance of each element with a multimeter.
Can hard water damage a dishwasher heating element?
Yes, hard water can damage a dishwasher heating element over time. The minerals in hard water can build up on the element, reducing its efficiency and eventually causing it to fail. Using a dishwasher detergent with water softening properties can help mitigate this issue.
What other parts could be causing similar symptoms to a bad heating element?
Besides the heating element itself, other components that can cause similar symptoms include the thermostat, control board, thermal fuse, and the water inlet valve.
Should I replace the heating element or the entire dishwasher?
This depends on the age and condition of your dishwasher and the cost of the repair compared to the cost of a new dishwasher. If your dishwasher is relatively new and in good condition, replacing the heating element is likely the more economical option. However, if your dishwasher is old and has other issues, it may be time to consider replacing the entire appliance.