What Is Raclette Cheese?
Raclette cheese is a semi-hard cheese, traditionally made from cow’s milk, that’s best known for its unique melting properties and the social tradition of scraping the melted cheese onto various accompaniments.
Introduction: A Taste of Alpine Tradition
Raclette isn’t just a cheese; it’s an experience. Originating in the Swiss Alps, specifically the cantons of Valais, Fribourg, and Bern, raclette embodies the rustic charm and communal spirit of mountain life. For centuries, shepherds and farmers used to warm a wheel of raclette over an open fire, scraping off the melted portion to enjoy with potatoes, pickles, and cured meats. Today, the tradition continues, albeit with modern appliances, bringing people together to savor this delectable and versatile cheese.
Origins and History
The word “raclette” comes from the French verb racler, meaning “to scrape.” The cheese itself likely dates back to the Middle Ages, when Swiss herdsmen needed a nourishing and portable food source. The simple yet satisfying combination of melted cheese, boiled potatoes, and preserved goods proved to be a winning formula. Initially, it was known as “Bratchäs” (roasted cheese) in Swiss German.
Production and Characteristics
Raclette cheese is typically made from unpasteurized cow’s milk, although pasteurized versions are also available. The milk is heated and curdled, then pressed into a wheel shape. The cheese is then aged for several months, developing its characteristic aroma and flavor. A well-aged raclette cheese has a smooth, creamy texture and a nutty, slightly pungent flavor that intensifies as it melts. The rind is often washed, contributing to its complex flavor profile.
Raclette: The Social Experience
While the cheese itself is exceptional, the raclette experience is equally important. Traditionally, a half or quarter wheel of raclette is heated using a specialized raclette grill or a traditional open fire. As the surface melts, it’s scraped off directly onto plates, covering potatoes, vegetables, and cured meats. Modern raclette grills come in various forms, including individual pans (crayons) that allow each person to melt their own cheese portion. This interactive and convivial element is what makes raclette such a beloved dish.
Nutritional Benefits
Raclette cheese offers several nutritional benefits. It is a good source of:
- Calcium: Essential for strong bones and teeth.
- Protein: Necessary for building and repairing tissues.
- Vitamin B12: Important for nerve function and red blood cell formation.
- Phosphorus: Contributes to bone health and energy metabolism.
However, raclette is also relatively high in fat and sodium, so it’s best enjoyed in moderation.
Serving Suggestions and Pairings
Raclette is traditionally served with:
- Boiled potatoes: Small, firm potatoes are ideal.
- Pickled onions and gherkins: Their acidity cuts through the richness of the cheese.
- Cured meats: Such as prosciutto, salami, or dried sausage.
- Crusty bread: For soaking up the melted cheese.
Other popular accompaniments include:
- Vegetables: Grilled or steamed vegetables like mushrooms, bell peppers, or zucchini.
- Fruit: Sliced apples or pears offer a refreshing contrast.
- Mustard: Adds a tangy kick.
For beverages, consider:
- Dry white wine: A crisp, fruity white wine like Fendant or Riesling pairs well.
- Light-bodied red wine: Beaujolais or Pinot Noir can also complement the cheese.
- Beer: A lager or pale ale provides a refreshing contrast.
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
- Overheating the cheese: Don’t let the cheese burn. It should be melted and gooey, not charred and brittle. Adjust the heat accordingly.
- Using the wrong type of potato: Waxy potatoes hold their shape better when boiled and don’t become mushy.
- Forgetting the acidity: Pickled onions and gherkins are essential for balancing the richness of the cheese.
- Serving the cheese too quickly: Allow the cheese to melt completely before scraping it onto your plate.
Raclette Grill Options
| Type of Grill | Description | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
| Half-Wheel Grill | Holds half a wheel of cheese, melts the surface for scraping. | Authentic experience, visually appealing. | Requires a large cheese wheel, can be less convenient for small groups. |
| Individual Pan (Crayon) Grill | Features small pans for melting individual portions of cheese. | Convenient for individual portions, easy to clean. | Less traditional, can be less visually impressive. |
| Tabletop Grill with Hot Stone | Combines individual pans with a hot stone for grilling meats and vegetables. | Versatile, allows for grilling and melting simultaneously. | Can be more expensive, requires careful cleaning. |
Where to Find Raclette Cheese
Raclette cheese can be found at:
- Specialty cheese shops: Offer the widest selection and expert advice.
- European delis: Often carry a variety of imported cheeses.
- Well-stocked supermarkets: May have a limited selection of raclette cheese.
- Online retailers: Offer convenience and access to a wider range of cheeses.
Frequently Asked Questions About Raclette Cheese
What is the difference between Swiss raclette and French raclette?
Swiss raclette, particularly from the Valais region, is considered the traditional and original raclette cheese. French raclette, while similar, may have slightly different flavor profiles depending on the region of origin and aging process. Generally, Swiss raclette tends to have a nuttier, more complex flavor.
Can I use any cheese for raclette?
While you technically can melt other cheeses, the true raclette experience relies on the specific characteristics of raclette cheese, namely its melting properties, flavor, and aroma. Using a different cheese will not provide the authentic taste and texture.
Is raclette cheese vegetarian?
Most raclette cheese is vegetarian, as it uses vegetarian rennet during the cheese-making process. However, it is always a good idea to check the label or confirm with the cheesemonger to be certain, as some producers may use animal rennet.
How should I store raclette cheese?
Wrap the cheese tightly in wax paper or parchment paper, then store it in an airtight container in the refrigerator. This will help to prevent it from drying out and absorbing odors from other foods.
How long does raclette cheese last?
Raclette cheese can typically last for several weeks in the refrigerator if stored properly. However, it is best to consume it within a week or two of opening the package for optimal flavor and texture.
Can I freeze raclette cheese?
Freezing raclette cheese is not recommended, as it can alter the texture and make it crumbly. The flavor may also be affected. If you must freeze it, wrap it tightly in plastic wrap and then foil.
What is the best way to clean a raclette grill?
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Generally, allow the grill to cool completely before cleaning. Wipe the surface with a damp cloth or sponge. For stubborn residue, use a mild detergent. Avoid using abrasive cleaners or scouring pads.
Are there any health concerns associated with eating raclette cheese?
Raclette cheese is high in fat and sodium, so it should be consumed in moderation, especially by those with high blood pressure or cholesterol. Pregnant women should avoid unpasteurized raclette due to the risk of listeria.
What are some good substitutes for raclette cheese?
If you can’t find raclette cheese, Gruyere or Fontina can be used as substitutes, although they won’t have the exact same flavor and melting properties. Other semi-hard cheeses, like havarti or edam, can also be considered.
What is the difference between raclette and fondue?
Both raclette and fondue are cheese-based dishes that are popular in Switzerland, but they are prepared and served differently. Raclette involves melting slices of cheese and scraping them onto food, while fondue involves dipping bread or other items into a pot of melted cheese.
Can I use raclette cheese in other dishes besides traditional raclette?
Yes, raclette cheese can be used in various other dishes, such as gratins, sandwiches, or pizzas. Its melting properties and flavor make it a versatile ingredient. It adds a distinctive depth of flavor to any dish it’s incorporated into.
Where does the distinctive aroma of raclette come from?
The distinctive aroma of raclette cheese is primarily due to the bacteria and enzymes that develop during the aging process. The rind washing also contributes to its pungent smell, adding complexity to the overall flavor profile.