Can Plastic Go in the Dishwasher? Navigating the Plastic Perils of Your Dishwasher
Whether or not plastic can go in the dishwasher depends on the type of plastic and the dishwasher’s settings. Generally, dishwasher-safe plastics can be placed on the top rack, while others should be hand-washed to prevent melting or leaching.
The Plastic Puzzle: Understanding Dishwasher Compatibility
The question of whether plastic can survive a dishwasher cycle is a complex one. Not all plastics are created equal, and understanding their composition is critical for safe and effective dishwashing. From reusable containers to children’s toys, plastic items fill our kitchens. Knowing which can endure the heat and harsh detergents of a dishwasher is essential for both the longevity of your plastics and the safety of your household.
Decoding the Dishwasher-Safe Label
The most reliable indicator of dishwasher compatibility is the dishwasher-safe symbol. This symbol, typically found on the bottom of plastic items, often resembles a glass and plate being washed by water droplets.
- Look for the Symbol: Scrutinize the bottom of your plasticware.
- Variations Exist: The exact design may vary, but the intent is clear – dishwasher safe.
- Absence is a Warning: If no symbol is present, err on the side of caution and hand-wash.
The Heat Hazard: Melting and Warping
The high temperatures inside a dishwasher can wreak havoc on susceptible plastics. This heat can cause:
- Melting: Plastics with a low melting point can literally melt, damaging both the plastic and your dishwasher.
- Warping: Even if not fully melted, plastic can warp and distort, rendering it unusable or difficult to store.
- Cracking: Repeated exposure to high heat can weaken the plastic structure leading to cracks.
Leaching Concerns: Chemical Migration
Beyond physical damage, the heat and detergents in a dishwasher can cause chemicals from the plastic to leach into your food and beverages.
- BPA and Phthalates: Some plastics contain Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, known endocrine disruptors.
- Heat Increases Leaching: Higher temperatures accelerate the migration of these chemicals.
- Choose BPA-Free: Opt for BPA-free plasticware whenever possible to minimize health risks.
The Top Rack Advantage: A Cooler Zone
The top rack of most dishwashers is generally cooler than the bottom rack. This makes it a safer haven for dishwasher-safe plastics.
- Distance from Heating Element: The top rack is further from the heating element, reducing the risk of melting.
- Spraying Action: While still exposed to hot water and detergent, the force is less intense.
- Not a Guarantee: Even on the top rack, some plastics may still warp or degrade over time.
The Hand-Washing Alternative: Gentle and Secure
When in doubt, hand-washing is the safest approach for cleaning your plastic items.
- Control Over Temperature: You can regulate the water temperature, avoiding excessive heat.
- Gentle Detergents: You can use milder detergents specifically designed for delicate items.
- Visual Inspection: You can carefully inspect the plastic for damage before and after washing.
Decoding Plastic Recycling Codes: Beyond the Dishwasher
While recycling codes are primarily for identifying the type of plastic for recycling purposes, they can offer some insight into heat resistance, but are not a direct indicator of dishwasher safety. Always look for the dishwasher-safe symbol.
| Recycling Code | Plastic Type | Common Uses | Dishwasher Safe? |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (PET or PETE) | Polyethylene Terephthalate | Water bottles, soda bottles, food containers | Generally NO |
| 2 (HDPE) | High-Density Polyethylene | Milk jugs, detergent bottles, toys | Potentially, Check |
| 3 (PVC) | Polyvinyl Chloride | Pipes, siding, flooring | NO |
| 4 (LDPE) | Low-Density Polyethylene | Plastic bags, squeezable bottles | NO |
| 5 (PP) | Polypropylene | Yogurt containers, medicine bottles, food storage containers | Potentially, Check |
| 6 (PS) | Polystyrene (Styrofoam) | Disposable cups, food containers, packaging | NO |
| 7 (Other) | Various Plastics | Baby bottles, reusable water bottles | Potentially, Check |
Tips for Dishwashing Plastics Safely
- Always Check the Label: The dishwasher-safe symbol is your best guide.
- Use the Top Rack: Maximize distance from the heating element.
- Lower Heat Settings: Use a delicate or economy cycle to reduce water temperature.
- Skip the Heated Dry: Air-drying eliminates the risk of melting during the drying cycle.
- Inspect Regularly: Look for signs of warping, cracking, or discoloration.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Ignoring the Label: Assuming all plastics are dishwasher-safe is a common mistake.
- Using High Heat Cycles: Aggressive cycles increase the risk of damage and leaching.
- Overloading the Dishwasher: Crowding can prevent proper cleaning and increase heat exposure.
- Washing Damaged Plastics: Cracked or deteriorated plastics are more prone to leaching.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Dishwashing Plastics
Is it safe to wash baby bottles in the dishwasher?
Whether it is safe to wash baby bottles in the dishwasher depends on the material. Look for the dishwasher-safe symbol. BPA-free plastic or glass bottles are generally safe on the top rack, but always consult the manufacturer’s instructions.
Can I wash Tupperware in the dishwasher?
Traditional Tupperware is typically dishwasher-safe on the top rack, but it is best to check the bottom of the container for the dishwasher-safe symbol. Newer Tupperware designs may offer additional guidance for optimal cleaning.
What happens if I accidentally put a non-dishwasher-safe plastic in the dishwasher?
If you accidentally put non-dishwasher-safe plastic in the dishwasher, remove it immediately. Check for melting, warping, or discoloration. If there is significant damage, it’s best to discard the item. Check the dishwasher for any plastic residue.
Are all plastics with recycling code #5 (PP) dishwasher-safe?
While recycling code #5 (PP) indicates Polypropylene, which is often heat-resistant, it does not guarantee that an item is dishwasher-safe. Always look for the dishwasher-safe symbol as the primary indicator.
How can I prevent plastics from warping in the dishwasher?
To prevent plastic warping, only wash dishwasher-safe items. Place them on the top rack, use a lower heat setting, and skip the heated dry cycle.
Is it safe to use dishwasher pods with plastics?
Using dishwasher pods with plastics is generally safe as long as the plastic is dishwasher-safe. However, some harsh chemicals or high heat in some pods could potentially damage delicate plastics over time. It is a good idea to rinse plastics before using them in order to prevent the residue of the pod detergent from being absorbed into the plastic.
Can I wash plastic cutting boards in the dishwasher?
Whether or not you can wash a plastic cutting board in the dishwasher depends on its material and size. Small, dishwasher-safe plastic cutting boards are generally fine on the top rack. Larger boards may warp or not fit properly, so hand-washing is often recommended.
How often should I replace my plastic food containers?
You should replace your plastic food containers when they show signs of wear, such as cracks, scratches, discoloration, or warping. This is important to prevent bacteria from building up in the damaged spots.
Does the age of the plastic affect its dishwasher safety?
Yes, the age of the plastic can affect its dishwasher safety. Over time, plastic can degrade and become more brittle, making it more susceptible to damage from heat and chemicals in the dishwasher. Older plastics can also be more prone to leaching chemicals.
What are some signs that a plastic item should no longer be used for food storage, regardless of its dishwasher safety?
Signs that a plastic item should no longer be used for food storage include visible cracks, scratches, a sticky residue, strong odors, or discoloration. These indicators suggest that the plastic is breaking down and could potentially leach harmful chemicals into your food.
Is it better to use powder or liquid dishwasher detergent when washing plastics?
There is no definitive evidence that powder or liquid dishwasher detergent is significantly better for washing plastics. Both can be used safely if the plastic is dishwasher-safe. Consider a gentler detergent for delicate plastics.
Does the color of the plastic affect its dishwasher safety?
The color of the plastic itself generally doesn’t directly impact its dishwasher safety. However, the dyes used to color the plastic could potentially leach more readily in the dishwasher under high heat and exposure to detergents. Always prioritize plastics with a clear “dishwasher-safe” label, regardless of their color.