How to Apply Spirit Gum: A Professional’s Guide
Spirit gum application involves carefully preparing the skin, applying a thin, even layer of spirit gum to both the skin and prosthetic, allowing it to become tacky, and then firmly adhering the prosthetic while avoiding air bubbles for a secure and long-lasting hold. Proper removal with a spirit gum remover is equally essential to protect the skin.
Introduction to Spirit Gum
Spirit gum, a time-honored adhesive used in theater, film, and special effects makeup, is a solution of resin (typically mastic) dissolved in alcohol. It’s primarily used to attach lightweight prosthetics, facial hair, and other embellishments to the skin. Understanding its properties and proper application is crucial for a successful and comfortable makeup transformation. Spirit gum offers a temporary yet reliable bond, allowing actors and makeup artists to create realistic and fantastical looks.
Benefits of Using Spirit Gum
Spirit gum remains a popular choice for several reasons:
- Reliable adhesion: When applied correctly, it provides a strong hold.
- Temporary: It’s designed for temporary applications and can be removed with a specific remover.
- Versatile: It works with various materials, including latex, crepe hair, and lightweight plastics.
- Cost-effective: Compared to some modern adhesives, it’s relatively inexpensive.
- Traditional: It’s a long-standing product, well-understood by makeup professionals.
The Application Process: Step-by-Step
Achieving a seamless and long-lasting application requires careful attention to detail. Follow these steps for optimal results:
- Clean the skin: Thoroughly clean the area where you’ll be applying the prosthetic with alcohol or an astringent to remove oils and debris. Let it dry completely. This crucial step ensures proper adhesion.
- Apply a thin layer: Using a cotton swab or the applicator provided, apply a thin, even layer of spirit gum to both the skin and the prosthetic. Avoid applying too much, as this can hinder the tackiness.
- Allow it to become tacky: This is the most important step. Wait for the spirit gum to become tacky. The spirit gum should be slightly sticky but not wet. This usually takes about 30-60 seconds, depending on the humidity and temperature. You can gently tap the adhesive with your finger to test its tackiness.
- Position and apply the prosthetic: Carefully position the prosthetic on the skin and gently press it into place. Start from the center and work your way outwards to avoid trapping air bubbles.
- Secure and hold: Hold the prosthetic firmly in place for a few minutes, allowing the adhesive to bond completely. For larger prosthetics, consider using masking tape to secure the edges while the glue sets.
- Blend the edges (optional): If necessary, blend the edges of the prosthetic with makeup to create a seamless transition.
Troubleshooting Common Mistakes
Even with careful application, problems can arise. Here are some common mistakes and how to avoid them:
- Applying too much spirit gum: Excessive glue can prevent proper tackiness and weaken the bond. Use a thin layer.
- Not allowing enough tack time: Applying the prosthetic before the spirit gum is tacky results in a weak hold. Be patient.
- Applying to oily skin: Oil interferes with adhesion. Cleanse the skin thoroughly beforehand.
- Trapping air bubbles: Press the prosthetic from the center outwards to prevent air pockets.
- Using expired spirit gum: Spirit gum can thicken and lose its effectiveness over time. Check the expiration date.
- Pulling aggressively during removal: Aggressive removal can damage the skin. Use a spirit gum remover.
Safe Removal Techniques
Proper removal is crucial to protect the skin. Never pull the prosthetic directly off.
- Apply spirit gum remover: Saturate the edges of the prosthetic with spirit gum remover. Allow the remover to penetrate and dissolve the adhesive.
- Gently lift and peel: Carefully lift the edges of the prosthetic, applying more remover as needed. Work slowly and gently to avoid tearing the skin.
- Cleanse the skin: After removing the prosthetic, gently cleanse the skin with soap and water to remove any remaining residue. Follow with a moisturizer to hydrate the skin.
Comparing Spirit Gum Alternatives
While spirit gum is a classic choice, other adhesives are available. This table summarizes the pros and cons:
| Adhesive | Pros | Cons | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spirit Gum | Reliable, versatile, cost-effective, traditional. | Can be drying, requires spirit gum remover. | Lightweight prosthetics, facial hair. |
| Prosthetic Adhesive | Stronger hold than spirit gum, less drying. | More expensive, requires specialized remover. | Larger, heavier prosthetics, long-wear applications. |
| Silicone Adhesive | Flexible, comfortable, good for sensitive skin. | Can be difficult to work with, requires silicone adhesive remover. | Silicone prosthetics, sensitive skin applications. |
| Medical Adhesive | Hypoallergenic, gentle on the skin. | Not as strong as other options, may not be suitable for heavy prosthetics. | Lightweight applications, sensitive skin, medical use. |
Storage and Shelf Life
Store spirit gum in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep the lid tightly closed to prevent evaporation and thickening. The shelf life of spirit gum varies but is typically around 1-2 years. Discard the spirit gum if it becomes thick, stringy, or changes color.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the best way to clean my skin before applying spirit gum?
The most effective way to clean the skin is with isopropyl alcohol or an astringent. This removes oils and residue that can interfere with adhesion. Ensure the skin is completely dry before applying the spirit gum. Avoid using moisturizers or lotions before application.
How can I prevent spirit gum from drying out in the bottle?
Always ensure the lid is tightly closed after each use. Storing the spirit gum in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight will also help prevent evaporation. If the spirit gum thickens, a small amount of spirit gum thinner can be added, but use sparingly.
What happens if I get spirit gum in my eyes?
If spirit gum gets into your eyes, rinse them immediately and thoroughly with plenty of water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. Avoid rubbing the eyes, as this can worsen the irritation.
Can I use spirit gum on sensitive skin?
Spirit gum can be irritating to sensitive skin due to its alcohol content. A patch test is highly recommended before applying it to a large area. Consider using a hypoallergenic adhesive as an alternative.
How long does spirit gum typically last on the skin?
The hold duration varies depending on factors such as skin type, climate, and the size and weight of the prosthetic. Generally, spirit gum can last for several hours. For longer-wear applications, consider a stronger adhesive.
Is it safe to use spirit gum on children?
Use caution when applying spirit gum to children. Ensure proper ventilation and avoid contact with the eyes and mouth. A patch test is crucial to check for allergic reactions. Supervise children closely during application and removal.
What is spirit gum remover made of?
Spirit gum remover typically contains a blend of solvents, often including isopropyl alcohol and oils, designed to break down the resin in spirit gum. The specific ingredients vary depending on the brand.
Can I reuse a prosthetic after removing it with spirit gum remover?
Whether you can reuse a prosthetic depends on the material and how carefully it was removed. Latex and foam prosthetics are often not reusable, as they can tear easily. Silicone prosthetics are generally more durable and can be reused if properly cleaned and stored.
What should I do if I have an allergic reaction to spirit gum?
If you experience an allergic reaction, such as redness, itching, or swelling, immediately remove the spirit gum and wash the affected area with soap and water. Apply a soothing cream or lotion. Seek medical attention if the reaction is severe.
Can I use something other than spirit gum remover to remove spirit gum?
While spirit gum remover is the safest and most effective option, mineral oil or baby oil can sometimes be used as alternatives in a pinch. However, these may not be as effective and may require more effort to remove the adhesive completely.
Does spirit gum stain clothing or fabric?
Spirit gum can stain clothing or fabric. It’s best to avoid getting it on clothes. If it does get on fabric, try blotting it gently with a clean cloth and isopropyl alcohol. Professional cleaning may be necessary for stubborn stains.
Where can I buy spirit gum and spirit gum remover?
Spirit gum and spirit gum remover are widely available at costume shops, special effects makeup stores, and online retailers. Check the reviews before buying. Professional makeup supply stores generally offer high-quality products.