Installing a Microwave Oven Above a Stove: A Comprehensive Guide
Installing a microwave above your stove is a great way to save counter space, but it requires careful planning and execution. This guide provides a step-by-step walkthrough to safely and properly install your over-the-range microwave, ensuring proper ventilation and secure mounting.
Why Install an Over-the-Range Microwave?
Installing a microwave above your stove offers several benefits, primarily maximizing space in your kitchen. It replaces a bulky countertop microwave with a unit that efficiently combines cooking and ventilation.
Benefits of Over-the-Range Microwave Installation:
- Space Saving: Frees up valuable counter space in the kitchen.
- Ventilation: Acts as a range hood, removing smoke, steam, and odors.
- Convenience: Provides easy access to both cooking and heating appliances.
- Aesthetic Appeal: Creates a streamlined and modern kitchen look.
- Increased Home Value: Can be seen as a worthwhile home improvement.
Preparing for Installation: Gathering Tools and Assessing the Space
Before you begin, ensure you have all the necessary tools and materials. A well-prepared workspace will make the installation process smoother and safer.
Essential Tools and Materials:
- Over-the-range microwave unit
- Mounting hardware (included with the microwave)
- Drill with various drill bits (including a metal-cutting bit)
- Stud finder
- Level
- Measuring tape
- Pencil
- Safety glasses
- Gloves
- Screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead)
- Wire stripper/cutter
- Electrical tester
- Voltage detector
- Step ladder
- Duct tape (if modifying the vent)
- Reciprocating saw (if cabinet modification is required)
Next, thoroughly assess the space where you’ll be installing the microwave. Measure the width of the opening between your cabinets to ensure the microwave will fit. Check for existing wiring and ductwork.
Step-by-Step Installation Process:
Disconnect Power: Before starting any electrical work, turn off the circuit breaker to the microwave’s designated outlet. Use a voltage detector to confirm the power is off.
Remove Existing Microwave (If Applicable): Carefully disconnect and remove the old microwave. This may involve unscrewing it from the cabinet and disconnecting the power cord. Be sure to have assistance as microwaves can be heavy.
Prepare the Upper Cabinet: Check the cabinet above the stove for proper clearance and structural integrity. Many units require at least 30 inches of space between the cooktop and the bottom of the microwave. If there’s an existing cabinet, ensure it can support the weight of the new microwave. Reinforce the cabinet if necessary.
Install the Mounting Plate: Use the template provided with the microwave to mark the locations for the mounting screws on the back wall. Use a stud finder to locate wall studs and incorporate them into your mounting plan whenever possible. Drill pilot holes and install the mounting plate using appropriate screws.
Prepare the Top Cabinet for Venting: If you’re venting the microwave externally, you’ll need to prepare the top cabinet for the vent duct. Use the template to mark the location for the vent opening. Cut the opening using a reciprocating saw.
Connect the Vent Duct (If Applicable): Connect the microwave’s vent duct to the existing ductwork in the cabinet. Use duct tape to seal the connections tightly. Ensure the duct runs straight and smoothly to maximize airflow.
Hang the Microwave: With assistance, carefully lift the microwave and align it with the mounting plate. Secure it in place by sliding it down and engaging the locking tabs or screws.
Secure the Microwave to the Upper Cabinet: From inside the microwave cavity, locate the screw holes for attaching the microwave to the upper cabinet. Drill pilot holes and secure the microwave with appropriate screws.
Wiring Connection: Connect the microwave’s power cord to the electrical outlet. If the outlet is not located directly behind the microwave, you may need to hardwire it. Only perform hardwiring if you are comfortable with electrical work. If not, contact a qualified electrician. Use a wire stripper/cutter to prepare the wires and connect them according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Ensure all connections are secure and properly insulated.
Test the Microwave: After installation, restore power to the circuit and test the microwave. Verify that it heats food properly and that the vent fan is functioning correctly.
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them:
- Ignoring Safety Precautions: Always disconnect power before starting any electrical work. Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself.
- Incorrect Measurements: Double-check all measurements to ensure the microwave fits properly and is level.
- Insufficient Cabinet Support: Ensure the cabinet above the stove can support the weight of the microwave. Reinforce it if necessary.
- Improper Wiring: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully when connecting the power cord. If you’re not comfortable with electrical work, hire a qualified electrician.
- Neglecting Ventilation: Ensure the vent duct is properly connected and sealed to maximize airflow.
Troubleshooting:
| Issue | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Microwave doesn’t turn on | Power not connected, tripped circuit breaker | Check power cord, reset circuit breaker |
| Microwave sparks | Metal object inside, damaged waveguide cover | Remove metal, replace waveguide cover |
| Vent fan not working | Fan motor failure, blocked vent | Replace fan motor, clear vent obstruction |
| Uneven heating | Improper cooking settings, turntable malfunction | Adjust cooking settings, check turntable functionality |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What type of electrical outlet do I need?
Most over-the-range microwaves require a dedicated 120-volt, 15-amp or 20-amp circuit. This helps prevent overloading the circuit and causing a power outage.
How much clearance is required between the cooktop and the microwave?
Generally, a minimum of 30 inches is recommended, but always refer to the microwave manufacturer’s specifications for the exact clearance requirement. This ensures proper ventilation and prevents heat damage.
Do I need to hire an electrician for the installation?
If you’re comfortable with basic electrical work and the outlet is already in place, you may be able to install it yourself. However, if you need to run new wiring or modify the electrical system, it’s best to hire a qualified electrician for safety reasons.
How do I find the wall studs behind the drywall?
Use a stud finder to locate the wall studs. These studs provide solid support for the mounting plate. Mark the stud locations with a pencil.
What if my cabinet is too weak to support the microwave?
You can reinforce the cabinet by adding extra supports, such as plywood or metal brackets. Consult a professional contractor or cabinetmaker for advice on the best way to reinforce your specific cabinet.
Can I vent the microwave internally (recirculate the air)?
Yes, most over-the-range microwaves can be vented internally. This requires installing a charcoal filter to absorb odors. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for how to switch to internal venting.
How often should I replace the charcoal filter for internal venting?
The charcoal filter should be replaced every 6 to 12 months, depending on how often you use the microwave. A clogged filter can reduce ventilation efficiency.
What do I do if my microwave doesn’t fit between the cabinets?
First, double-check your measurements. If the microwave is slightly too wide, you may be able to trim the cabinet edges slightly. If it’s significantly too wide, you’ll need to choose a smaller microwave model.
What if the microwave isn’t level after installation?
Use shims to level the microwave. Place the shims between the microwave and the cabinet or wall until the microwave is perfectly level.
How do I clean the grease filters on the bottom of the microwave?
The grease filters should be cleaned regularly, typically every month or two. Remove the filters and wash them with hot soapy water. You can also clean them in the dishwasher.
What should I do if my microwave starts sparking?
Immediately turn off the microwave and unplug it. Remove any metal objects from the microwave. Inspect the waveguide cover (a small cardboard or plastic panel on the side of the microwave) for damage. If the waveguide cover is damaged, replace it before using the microwave again.
What kind of maintenance do over-the-range microwaves need?
Regularly clean the interior and exterior of the microwave. Replace the charcoal filter (if applicable) as needed. Check the grease filters regularly and clean them as needed. Inspect the power cord and connections for damage.