How to Prevent Cheese From Molding: A Comprehensive Guide
The best ways to prevent cheese from molding include proper storage in airtight containers or cheese paper in the refrigerator, maintaining consistent temperature and humidity, and minimizing handling to reduce contamination.
The Science Behind Mold on Cheese
Mold growth on cheese is a common occurrence, and understanding the underlying science can help you prevent it. Mold spores are ubiquitous in the environment, present in the air and on surfaces around us. These spores thrive in moist environments and find a ready source of nutrition on cheese surfaces. Factors that influence mold growth include:
- Temperature: Optimal temperatures for mold growth are generally between 70°F and 90°F (21°C and 32°C), but many molds can still grow at refrigerator temperatures.
- Humidity: High humidity levels provide the moisture needed for mold spores to germinate and grow.
- Air Circulation: Although seemingly contradictory to keeping cheese sealed, a little air circulation within the storage container can sometimes help prevent excessive surface moisture buildup.
- Surface Moisture: This is key. Mold needs moisture to grow, so controlling surface moisture is crucial.
- Oxygen: Many, but not all, molds are aerobic, meaning they require oxygen to grow.
- Cheese Type: Soft cheeses with high moisture content are more susceptible to mold growth than hard, dry cheeses.
Selecting the Right Cheese Storage
Choosing the right storage method is fundamental to preventing mold growth. Several options are available, each with its own advantages.
- Cheese Paper: Specifically designed for cheese, cheese paper allows the cheese to “breathe” while maintaining optimal humidity. It typically consists of a thin, permeable membrane on one side and a more absorbent layer on the other.
- Airtight Containers: While offering protection from external contaminants, airtight containers can trap moisture, potentially leading to mold growth. A small piece of paper towel can absorb excess moisture.
- Plastic Wrap: A common choice, but less ideal than cheese paper. It can trap moisture and promote surface stickiness, creating a conducive environment for mold. Change the wrap frequently.
- Reusable Cheese Bags: These fabric bags, often lined with beeswax, allow for airflow while preventing the cheese from drying out too quickly.
- Specialized Cheese Storage Containers: Some containers are designed specifically for cheese storage, featuring controlled ventilation and humidity regulation.
The Proper Storage Process: Step-by-Step
Following these steps ensures optimal cheese storage and minimizes the risk of mold growth.
- Select the appropriate storage material: Choose cheese paper, an airtight container with a moisture-absorbing element, or a reusable cheese bag based on the cheese type and your preferences.
- Wrap the cheese tightly: If using cheese paper or plastic wrap, ensure the cheese is wrapped snugly, minimizing air exposure.
- Place in the refrigerator: Store cheese in the refrigerator’s crisper drawer or a dedicated cheese drawer, where the temperature is relatively stable.
- Maintain consistent temperature: The ideal refrigerator temperature for cheese storage is between 35°F and 45°F (2°C and 7°C).
- Monitor moisture levels: Check the cheese periodically for excess moisture. If present, replace the wrapping or add a fresh piece of paper towel to absorb it.
- Handle with care: Use clean hands or utensils when handling cheese to avoid introducing contaminants.
- Separate different cheese types: To prevent cross-contamination and flavor transfer, store different cheese types separately.
- Rewrap properly after cutting: After cutting a piece of cheese, rewrap it immediately and tightly to prevent drying and mold growth.
- Date the cheese: Label the cheese with the purchase date to track its age and ensure you consume it before it spoils.
Factors Affecting Cheese Mold Growth
| Factor | Impact on Mold Growth | Mitigation Strategy |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | Higher = faster | Maintain consistent refrigerator temperature |
| Humidity | Higher = faster | Control moisture levels through appropriate storage |
| Air Exposure | Variable | Wrap cheese tightly to minimize exposure to contaminants |
| Handling | Higher = faster | Handle cheese with clean hands/utensils |
| Cheese Type | Varies | Store soft cheeses separately and monitor them closely |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Avoiding these common mistakes can significantly reduce the risk of mold growth on cheese.
- Storing cheese at room temperature: Room temperature encourages rapid mold growth.
- Using contaminated utensils: Using dirty knives or cutting boards can introduce mold spores to the cheese.
- Wrapping cheese loosely: Loose wrapping allows air and moisture to penetrate, promoting mold growth.
- Ignoring best-by dates: Pay attention to best-by dates and consume cheese before it spoils.
- Storing cheese near strong-smelling foods: Cheese can absorb odors from other foods, affecting its flavor and quality.
- Not checking for mold regularly: Regularly inspect your cheese for signs of mold growth.
Addressing Existing Mold
If mold appears on cheese, don’t automatically discard the entire piece. The appropriate action depends on the type of cheese.
- Hard Cheeses: For hard cheeses like cheddar or Parmesan, you can often cut away the moldy portion, removing at least an inch around the affected area. The remaining cheese is generally safe to eat, as mold growth is typically limited to the surface. However, be careful to avoid cross-contaminating your knife or cutting board.
- Soft Cheeses: Soft cheeses like Brie, Camembert, or ricotta should be discarded if mold appears. These cheeses have a high moisture content, allowing mold to penetrate more deeply. Consuming moldy soft cheese can pose a health risk.
- Semi-Hard Cheeses: Use caution. If the mold is extensive, it’s generally best to discard the cheese. If the mold is very limited, you might be able to cut away a generous portion, but be very careful.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is it safe to eat cheese with mold on it?
Whether it’s safe to eat cheese with mold depends on the type of cheese and the type of mold. Hard cheeses with surface mold can often be salvaged by cutting away the affected area, while soft cheeses with mold should be discarded due to the risk of deeper contamination.
What is the best temperature to store cheese in the refrigerator?
The ideal refrigerator temperature for cheese storage is between 35°F and 45°F (2°C and 7°C). Maintaining this temperature range helps to slow down mold growth and preserve the cheese’s flavor and texture.
How long can cheese be stored in the refrigerator?
The shelf life of cheese varies depending on the type. Hard cheeses can last for several weeks or even months when properly stored, while soft cheeses typically last for a week or two. Always refer to the “best by” date and use your senses to assess the cheese’s condition.
Can I freeze cheese to prevent mold growth?
Freezing cheese can extend its shelf life, but it can also affect its texture, making it more crumbly. Hard cheeses generally freeze better than soft cheeses. Wrap the cheese tightly before freezing to prevent freezer burn.
What is cheese paper, and why is it better than plastic wrap?
Cheese paper is a specially designed wrapping material that allows cheese to breathe while maintaining optimal humidity. It’s superior to plastic wrap because it prevents moisture buildup, which can lead to mold growth.
Why does cheese sometimes sweat in the refrigerator?
Cheese “sweats” when condensation forms on its surface due to temperature fluctuations. This excess moisture can promote mold growth. Proper storage and consistent temperature can help prevent sweating.
Is white mold on cheese dangerous?
White mold on some cheeses, like Brie or Camembert, is intentional and part of the cheese-making process. However, if white mold appears on other types of cheese, it’s generally a sign of spoilage. Know your cheese.
How can I tell if cheese is truly spoiled, even without visible mold?
Signs of spoilage include an ammonia-like smell, a slimy texture, or a significant change in color or flavor. If you notice any of these signs, it’s best to discard the cheese.
What is the best way to clean a cheese knife after cutting moldy cheese?
After cutting moldy cheese, thoroughly clean the knife with hot, soapy water. Sanitize the knife by soaking it in a solution of diluted bleach or vinegar to kill any remaining mold spores.
Can I use vinegar to prevent mold growth on cheese?
Vinegar has antifungal properties and can be used to wipe down cheese storage containers to help prevent mold growth. Dilute the vinegar with water before using it.
Is there any way to prevent mold from growing on pre-shredded cheese?
Pre-shredded cheese is more susceptible to mold growth due to its increased surface area. Store it in an airtight container in the refrigerator and use it within a few days of opening.
What if I accidentally eat a small piece of moldy cheese?
Eating a small piece of moldy cheese is unlikely to cause serious harm, especially if it’s a hard cheese and the mold was limited to the surface. However, monitor yourself for any symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. If you experience any adverse effects, consult a doctor.