Tomato Paste vs. Tomato Puree: Unraveling the Culinary Confusion
Tomato paste and tomato puree are not the same. While both are derived from cooked tomatoes, tomato paste is a highly concentrated reduction, while tomato puree retains more of the tomato’s natural water content, resulting in a thinner consistency and milder flavor.
The Tomato’s Journey: From Vine to Jar
Understanding the difference between tomato paste and tomato puree requires tracing their individual production processes. Both begin with ripe, juicy tomatoes, but their paths diverge significantly thereafter.
Tomato Paste: A Concentrate of Flavor
Tomato paste is essentially tomatoes cooked down to a thick, intensely flavored concentrate. Its primary purpose is to add depth and richness to sauces, stews, soups, and other dishes.
The process typically involves:
- Washing and sorting ripe tomatoes.
- Crushing the tomatoes to separate the juice and pulp.
- Cooking the mixture down for several hours, allowing water to evaporate.
- Filtering out seeds and skins (optional, but common).
- Further cooking to achieve the desired thickness and concentration.
- Packaging, often in small cans or tubes.
Tomato Puree: A Simpler Transformation
Tomato puree is a less intensive product. It retains more of the tomato’s natural moisture and, consequently, a lighter flavor profile.
The process typically involves:
- Washing and sorting ripe tomatoes.
- Blanching the tomatoes to loosen the skins.
- Pureeing the tomatoes, often after removing the skins and seeds.
- Heating the puree to pasteurize it.
- Packaging, typically in jars or larger cans.
Key Differences Summarized
The fundamental distinction lies in the degree of concentration. This leads to differences in texture, flavor, and usage.
| Feature | Tomato Paste | Tomato Puree |
|---|---|---|
| Consistency | Thick, dense | Thin, liquidy |
| Flavor | Intense, concentrated tomato | Mild, fresh tomato |
| Water Content | Low | High |
| Usage | Adding depth, thickening | Base for sauces, mild flavor |
| Processing | Extensive cooking/reduction | Minimal processing |
| Sodium Content | Typically higher | Typically lower |
Culinary Applications: Knowing When to Use Which
Choosing between tomato paste and tomato puree depends heavily on the desired outcome.
Tomato Paste: Ideal for building layers of flavor in slow-cooked dishes, thickening sauces, and adding a vibrant red hue. A small amount goes a long way. It’s often “bloomed” in oil or butter to enhance its flavor.
Tomato Puree: A good base for homemade pasta sauce, tomato soup, or any dish where a fresh, mild tomato flavor is desired. It can also be used as a substitute for crushed tomatoes or tomato sauce, adjusting for consistency.
Common Mistakes and Substitutions
Using tomato paste and tomato puree interchangeably can lead to undesirable results. Overusing tomato paste can create an overly acidic or bitter flavor. Using tomato puree when paste is needed will result in a watery, less flavorful dish.
If you need a substitute:
- Tomato paste substitute: Reduce tomato sauce for a longer time, or use half the amount of tomato puree combined with a thickening agent like cornstarch.
- Tomato puree substitute: Use crushed tomatoes that have been strained to remove excess liquid, or blend canned tomatoes to a smooth consistency.
A Note on Tomato Sauce
Tomato sauce often contains other ingredients, such as herbs, spices, and sweeteners, making it distinct from both tomato paste and puree. While it can sometimes be used as a substitute for tomato puree, it will alter the flavor profile of the dish.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can I substitute tomato paste for tomato puree?
While technically possible, it’s generally not recommended without making adjustments. To substitute tomato paste for tomato puree, use a much smaller amount of paste (start with a tablespoon) and thin it with water or broth until you achieve the desired consistency of tomato puree. Be mindful of the intense flavor and adjust seasonings accordingly.
Can I substitute tomato puree for tomato paste?
Yes, but you will likely need to cook the dish for a longer period to reduce the liquid and intensify the tomato flavor. You might also consider adding a thickening agent like cornstarch or arrowroot to achieve the desired consistency. Remember that the flavor will be milder than if you had used tomato paste.
Does tomato paste expire?
Yes, tomato paste does expire, though it has a relatively long shelf life. Unopened cans or tubes will have a “best by” date printed on them. Once opened, tomato paste should be stored in the refrigerator in an airtight container and used within a week. Look for signs of spoilage, such as mold, discoloration, or an off odor.
What’s the difference between double-concentrated and regular tomato paste?
Double-concentrated tomato paste undergoes a further reduction process, resulting in an even thicker consistency and more intense flavor. It’s typically used in smaller quantities than regular tomato paste and is often found in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisine.
Is tomato paste healthy?
Tomato paste is a good source of lycopene, an antioxidant linked to various health benefits. It also contains vitamins A and C, as well as potassium. However, some brands may contain added salt or sugar, so it’s important to check the label.
How should I store leftover tomato paste?
After opening, transfer the tomato paste to an airtight container and store it in the refrigerator. To prevent spoilage, you can also freeze leftover tomato paste in small portions (e.g., ice cube trays) for later use. Freezing does not drastically affect the flavour.
Why does tomato paste need to be “bloomed” in oil?
Blooming tomato paste in oil or butter helps to release its flavor compounds and reduce its acidity. The heat helps to caramelize the sugars, creating a richer, more complex taste. It also prevents the paste from scorching and sticking to the pan.
Can I make my own tomato puree?
Yes, it’s relatively easy to make your own tomato puree. Simply blanch ripe tomatoes, remove the skins and seeds, and puree them in a blender or food processor. Then, simmer the puree on the stovetop until it reaches the desired consistency. You can also roast the tomatoes before pureeing to enhance their flavor.
What are some creative uses for tomato paste?
Beyond sauces and stews, tomato paste can be used to add depth to chili, marinades, and even salad dressings. A small amount can also enhance the flavor of roasted vegetables or grilled meats. Some cooks also use it to add a subtle sweetness and richness to baked goods, such as pizza dough.
Is tomato paste gluten-free?
Most commercially available tomato paste is naturally gluten-free. However, it’s always a good idea to check the label to ensure that no gluten-containing ingredients have been added during processing.
Does the brand of tomato paste or puree matter?
The brand can impact the final product, especially in terms of flavor, consistency, and sodium content. Some brands use higher-quality tomatoes or more traditional processing methods, resulting in a superior flavor. Reading reviews and experimenting with different brands can help you find your preferred option.
Why is tomato paste sometimes sold in tubes instead of cans?
Tomato paste in tubes offers several advantages. It allows you to use only what you need, minimizing waste and keeping the remaining paste fresh for longer. The tube design also prevents oxidation, which can affect the flavor and color of the paste.