What Are White Cherries?
White cherries are a unique variety of sweet cherry known for their pale yellow or creamy white color, often with a blush of pink, and their delicate, sweet flavor that’s less tart than some of their red counterparts.
Introduction: Beyond Red and Black
When we think of cherries, images of vibrant reds and deep blacks often spring to mind. However, the cherry family is more diverse than many realize, boasting a spectrum of colors and flavors. Among these lesser-known varieties, the white cherry stands out with its unique appearance and subtle sweetness. This article delves into the world of white cherries, exploring their origins, cultivation, culinary uses, and much more.
A Glimpse into White Cherry Origins
While the exact origins of the first white cherry are debated, many believe it’s a naturally occurring mutation of other sweet cherry varieties. These mutations result in lower levels of anthocyanins, the pigments responsible for the deep red and black hues in other cherries. Several cultivars have emerged, each with its own distinct characteristics.
Different Types of White Cherries
Not all white cherries are created equal. Different cultivars offer subtle variations in flavor, size, and appearance. Some of the more popular varieties include:
- Rainier Cherries: Arguably the most well-known, Rainiers are prized for their large size, delicate flavor, and yellow flesh with a characteristic red blush.
- Gold Cherries: These cherries are typically smaller than Rainiers, with a bright yellow skin and juicy, sweet flesh.
- Royal Ann Cherries: While technically a light-colored sweet cherry, Royal Anns are often included in the “white cherry” category. They’re frequently used for maraschino cherries due to their firm texture.
The Cultivation of White Cherries
Growing white cherries presents unique challenges. Their pale skin makes them more susceptible to sunburn and bird damage compared to their darker counterparts. Furthermore, their lower anthocyanin levels mean they don’t develop as much natural protection against certain pests and diseases.
- Careful Orchard Management: Requires close monitoring for pests and diseases. Netting is often used to protect the fruit from birds.
- Sun Protection: Orchard design and pruning techniques are crucial to minimize sunburn. Special reflective netting can also be employed.
- Harvesting: Must be handled with extreme care to avoid bruising, as the pale skin readily shows imperfections.
The Flavor Profile: A Subtler Sweetness
One of the defining characteristics of white cherries is their flavor. Generally, they offer a sweeter and less tart taste compared to many red cherry varieties. This delicate sweetness makes them a delightful treat eaten fresh, but also lends itself well to certain culinary applications.
Culinary Uses: From Fresh to Fantastic
White cherries can be enjoyed in numerous ways:
- Fresh Eating: Their delicate sweetness makes them perfect for enjoying straight from the tree or as a refreshing snack.
- Baking: They add a unique flavor and visual appeal to pies, tarts, and cakes.
- Preserves and Jams: Their sweetness complements the preserving process beautifully.
- Cocktails and Beverages: White cherry juice or syrup can add a subtle sweetness and sophisticated touch to cocktails and other drinks.
- Salads: Their delicate flavor pairs well with greens, cheeses, and nuts in salads.
Health Benefits: A Package of Goodness
Like other cherries, white cherries offer a range of health benefits. While their lower anthocyanin content might mean fewer of the antioxidant benefits associated with darker cherries, they still provide valuable nutrients.
- Vitamins and Minerals: Contain vitamins A and C, as well as potassium and fiber.
- Antioxidants: While lower than darker cherries, they still contain beneficial antioxidants that help protect the body against cellular damage.
- Anti-inflammatory Properties: May help reduce inflammation in the body.
Common Mistakes When Buying and Storing White Cherries
Choosing and storing white cherries correctly is crucial to enjoy their delicate flavor and prevent spoilage.
- Avoid Bruised or Damaged Fruit: The pale skin makes imperfections readily visible.
- Store Properly: Keep them refrigerated in a single layer to prevent bruising.
- Wash Gently: Rinse them gently just before eating to avoid damaging the skin.
- Consume Promptly: White cherries tend to have a shorter shelf life than some darker varieties.
Distinguishing White Cherries from Other Fruits
It’s important to note that white cherries are distinct from other similarly colored fruits, such as Rainier cherries compared to golden plums or white nectarines. While these fruits share a pale appearance, their flavor profiles and textures are quite different.
Frequently Asked Questions About White Cherries
What makes a cherry “white”?
A cherry is considered “white” because it has significantly lower levels of anthocyanins compared to red and black cherry varieties. Anthocyanins are the pigments responsible for the darker colors in fruits.
Are white cherries genetically modified?
No, white cherries are not genetically modified. They are the result of natural mutations that occur in cherry trees. Cultivators have selectively bred these mutated trees to enhance the desirable traits of white cherries, such as their sweet flavor and pale color.
Are Rainier cherries the only type of white cherry?
No, Rainier cherries are just one type of white cherry. Other varieties include Gold cherries and Royal Ann cherries (which, while light colored, are often included). Each variety has its own slight variations in flavor, size, and appearance.
Are white cherries less healthy than red cherries?
While white cherries may contain fewer anthocyanins than red cherries, they are still a good source of vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial antioxidants. Both red and white cherries contribute to a healthy diet.
How long do white cherries last after being picked?
White cherries typically have a shorter shelf life than red cherries due to their delicate nature. When properly refrigerated, they usually last for about 3-5 days. It’s best to consume them as soon as possible after purchasing.
What is the best way to store white cherries?
The best way to store white cherries is to refrigerate them in a single layer in a container lined with paper towels. This helps prevent bruising and extends their shelf life. Avoid washing them until just before eating.
Can I freeze white cherries?
Yes, you can freeze white cherries. To do so, wash and pit them first. Spread them out in a single layer on a baking sheet and freeze until solid. Then, transfer them to a freezer bag or container. Frozen cherries are best used within 8-12 months.
What is the best season for white cherries?
White cherries are typically in season during the summer months, from June to August, depending on the specific variety and growing region. This is when they are at their peak flavor and availability.
Where can I buy white cherries?
White cherries can be found at farmers’ markets, specialty grocery stores, and some larger supermarkets during their peak season. Availability may vary depending on your location.
What makes Rainier cherries so expensive?
Rainier cherries are often more expensive than other types of cherries due to several factors: their delicate nature, which makes them more difficult to grow and handle; their limited availability; and their high demand due to their exceptional flavor and appearance.
Can I grow my own white cherry tree?
Yes, you can grow your own white cherry tree. However, it’s important to choose the right variety for your climate and growing conditions. White cherry trees require well-drained soil and plenty of sunlight. They also need to be protected from pests and diseases.
Are white cherries sweeter than red cherries?
Generally, white cherries tend to be sweeter and less tart than many red cherry varieties. However, the specific sweetness level can vary depending on the variety and the ripeness of the fruit.