What Flower Looks Like Cabbage? Exploring the Ornamental Brassicas
This article dives into the fascinating world of ornamental brassicas, specifically exploring the flower that resembles cabbage. The answer is: several cultivars of Brassica oleracea, commonly known as ornamental kale and ornamental cabbage, have been selectively bred for their vibrant foliage, resembling large, ruffled cabbage heads rather than producing traditional flower structures.
The Allure of Ornamental Brassicas: A Background
Ornamental kale and cabbage are members of the Brassica oleracea species, which also includes edible vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts. Unlike their edible cousins, these cultivars are grown primarily for their striking foliage, which provides vibrant color and texture to gardens and containers, particularly in the cooler months when many other plants have faded. Their ability to withstand frost makes them a popular choice for fall and winter landscapes.
From Garden to Table: Are They Edible?
While technically edible, ornamental kale and cabbage are generally considered to be more bitter and tougher than their culinary counterparts. They are bred for visual appeal rather than taste and texture. While you could eat them, you probably wouldn’t want to make a salad out of them. Pesticide usage is also a consideration, as ornamental plants may not be grown with the same food-safety standards as edible crops.
Cultivating Beauty: Growing Ornamental Brassicas
Growing ornamental brassicas is relatively easy, making them a popular choice for both novice and experienced gardeners. Here’s a simple guide:
- Timing: Plant in late summer or early fall for best color development in cooler temperatures.
- Sunlight: Provide at least six hours of sunlight daily.
- Soil: Well-draining soil is essential. Amend heavy clay soils with compost or other organic matter.
- Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist, but avoid overwatering.
- Fertilizing: A balanced fertilizer can help promote healthy growth.
- Pest Control: Monitor for pests like aphids and cabbage loopers.
Design Applications: Where to Use Ornamental Brassicas
Ornamental kale and cabbage offer numerous possibilities for incorporating unique visual interest into garden designs:
- Fall Containers: Use them as a focal point or filler in mixed container arrangements.
- Mass Plantings: Create a dramatic display by planting them in large groups.
- Edging: Line pathways or flowerbeds with them for a colorful border.
- Window Boxes: Add a touch of fall color to window boxes.
- Vertical Gardens: Use them in vertical garden designs for added texture and visual appeal.
Variety is the Spice: Exploring Popular Cultivars
The world of ornamental brassicas offers a wide range of cultivars, each with its unique color, texture, and form. Some popular varieties include:
- ‘Osaka Pink’: Features vibrant pink centers and green outer leaves.
- ‘Nagoya Red’: Displays deep red centers with ruffled edges.
- ‘Tokyo White’: Offers crisp white centers and smooth, blue-green leaves.
- ‘Chidori’: Distinct fringed and feathered edges in vibrant colors.
| Variety | Color | Leaf Texture | Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Osaka Pink | Pink/Green | Ruffled | Medium |
| Nagoya Red | Red/Green | Ruffled | Medium |
| Tokyo White | White/Blue-Green | Smooth | Medium |
| Chidori | Various | Fringed | Compact |
Common Challenges: Pests and Diseases
While generally hardy, ornamental brassicas can be susceptible to certain pests and diseases:
- Aphids: Small, sap-sucking insects that can weaken plants. Control with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Cabbage Loopers: Green caterpillars that feed on leaves. Handpick them or use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt).
- Clubroot: A fungal disease that causes swollen roots and stunted growth. Improve soil drainage and pH.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What’s the difference between ornamental kale and ornamental cabbage?
The primary difference lies in their leaf texture. Ornamental kale typically has more frilled or ruffled leaves, while ornamental cabbage has smoother, broader leaves. Both belong to the same species (Brassica oleracea) and are grown for their vibrant foliage.
When is the best time to plant ornamental kale and cabbage?
The ideal planting time is late summer or early fall. Cooler temperatures enhance the color intensity of the foliage. Plants started earlier in the summer may bolt (flower prematurely) in the heat.
How much sunlight do ornamental kale and cabbage need?
They thrive in at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Insufficient sunlight can result in leggy growth and faded colors.
Do ornamental kale and cabbage need special soil?
Well-draining soil is essential. They prefer a soil pH of around 6.0 to 7.0. Amend heavy clay soils with compost or other organic matter to improve drainage and fertility.
How often should I water ornamental kale and cabbage?
Keep the soil consistently moist, but avoid overwatering. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
Do I need to fertilize ornamental kale and cabbage?
A balanced fertilizer can promote healthy growth. Apply a slow-release fertilizer at planting time, or use a liquid fertilizer every few weeks.
Are ornamental kale and cabbage frost tolerant?
Yes, they are remarkably frost tolerant. In fact, cooler temperatures enhance their color. They can withstand temperatures well below freezing.
What pests attack ornamental kale and cabbage?
Common pests include aphids, cabbage loopers, and flea beetles. Regularly inspect your plants and treat any infestations promptly.
Can I grow ornamental kale and cabbage in containers?
Absolutely! They are excellent choices for container gardening. Use a well-draining potting mix and choose a container that is large enough to accommodate their growth.
How long do ornamental kale and cabbage last?
Their lifespan depends on the climate and growing conditions, but they typically last throughout the fall and winter seasons. In warmer climates, they may continue to grow into the spring.
Can I propagate ornamental kale and cabbage?
While possible from seed, it’s more common to purchase seedlings or transplants from a nursery. Seed propagation can result in variability in color and form.
Why are my ornamental kale and cabbage leaves turning yellow?
Yellowing leaves can be caused by overwatering, nutrient deficiencies, or pests. Check the soil moisture, fertilize if necessary, and inspect the plants for signs of pests. Ensuring proper drainage is paramount.