What Is An Oxo Cube?
The Oxo cube is a small, rectangular block of concentrated bouillon or stock, used as a convenient and readily available flavoring agent in cooking. It’s essentially a dehydrated blend of meat extracts, vegetable fats, salt, and seasonings, designed to quickly add depth of flavor to soups, stews, sauces, and other dishes.
A Humble Beginning: The History of the Oxo Cube
The story of the Oxo cube is inextricably linked to the burgeoning meat extract industry of the late 19th century. Justus von Liebig, a German chemist, pioneered the process of extracting meat essence, initially intended as a nutritious remedy. Building on Liebig’s work, in 1899, the Fray Bentos meat extract company (later acquired by Liebig’s Extract of Meat Company) began marketing a solidified beef bouillon called “Fray Bentos Liquid Beef.” Oxo, named for the ‘ox’ in ‘beef’ and the chemical prefix ‘oxo’ indicating oxygen (a then-fashionable marketing angle implying energy and vitality), was introduced in 1908 as a cheaper, more convenient alternative.
The cube’s initial form was far larger than today’s familiar size, requiring a knife to portion it. However, it quickly gained popularity, particularly during wartime. The Oxo cube became a staple for soldiers needing a compact and easily transportable source of flavor and sustenance. Its enduring success is a testament to its versatility, convenience, and affordability.
The Components of an Oxo Cube: What’s Inside?
While the specific formulation varies slightly depending on the flavor (beef, chicken, vegetable, etc.), the fundamental ingredients of an Oxo cube generally include:
- Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein (HVP): This is a common flavor enhancer that adds a savory, umami-rich element.
- Wheat Flour: Used as a binder and thickening agent. Note: this makes some Oxo cubes unsuitable for gluten-free diets.
- Salt: A crucial component for both flavor and preservation.
- Vegetable Oil/Fat: Adds richness and contributes to the cube’s texture.
- Yeast Extract: Another source of umami flavor.
- Coloring: Typically caramel coloring to achieve the desired rich brown hue.
- Flavor Enhancers: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) and disodium inosinate are commonly used.
- Meat Extract (for beef and chicken varieties): Provides the core flavor profile.
- Spices and Herbs: Varying blends of herbs and spices contribute to the specific flavor profile of each cube.
How To Use an Oxo Cube: A Quick Guide
Using an Oxo cube is incredibly straightforward. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
- Dissolve: The most common method is to dissolve the cube in hot water to create a flavorful stock or broth. A single cube typically makes around 500ml (1 pint) of stock.
- Crumble: Alternatively, crumble the cube directly into a dish while cooking. This works well for stews, casseroles, and sauces.
- Adjust: Taste and adjust the seasoning as needed. Remember that Oxo cubes are high in salt, so be cautious about adding extra salt to your dish.
- Experiment: Don’t be afraid to experiment with different flavors and combinations. Try adding a chicken Oxo cube to a vegetable soup for extra depth, or use a beef Oxo cube to enhance a gravy.
Benefits and Drawbacks: Weighing the Options
Like any processed food product, Oxo cubes have both advantages and disadvantages:
| Feature | Benefit | Drawback |
|---|---|---|
| Convenience | Quick and easy to use, readily available. | Can be overused, leading to reliance on processed flavors. |
| Flavor | Adds significant depth and richness to dishes. | Can be high in sodium and artificial flavor enhancers. |
| Shelf Life | Long shelf life, making them a pantry staple. | May contain ingredients that are unsuitable for certain dietary restrictions. |
| Cost | Relatively inexpensive compared to fresh stock. | The flavor is not as complex or nuanced as homemade stock. |
| Versatility | Can be used in a wide variety of dishes. | Some varieties contain gluten, making them unsuitable for those with celiac disease. |
Common Mistakes When Using Oxo Cubes
While Oxo cubes are easy to use, there are a few common mistakes to avoid:
- Over-Salting: As mentioned earlier, Oxo cubes are high in salt. Always taste your dish before adding extra salt.
- Using Too Many: Using too many cubes can result in an overly salty and artificial-tasting dish. Start with one cube and adjust to taste.
- Relying Solely on Oxo: While Oxo cubes are great for adding flavor, they shouldn’t be the only source of flavor in your dish. Use them in combination with fresh herbs, spices, and other ingredients for a more complex and balanced flavor profile.
- Ignoring Dietary Restrictions: Always check the ingredient list if you have dietary restrictions. Some Oxo cubes contain gluten, MSG, and other ingredients that may be problematic.
Oxo Cubes vs. Homemade Stock: A Comparison
While Oxo cubes offer convenience, homemade stock provides a richer, more nuanced flavor and greater nutritional value.
| Feature | Oxo Cube | Homemade Stock |
|---|---|---|
| Flavor | Concentrated, artificial, often salty. | Complex, natural, and more nuanced. |
| Ingredients | Processed ingredients, flavor enhancers. | Fresh bones, vegetables, herbs, and spices. |
| Time | Quick and easy to prepare. | Requires several hours of simmering. |
| Cost | Relatively inexpensive. | Can be more expensive, depending on the ingredients used. |
| Nutritional Value | Lower in nutrients, higher in sodium. | Rich in collagen, minerals, and other nutrients. |
| Control | Limited control over ingredients and flavor. | Complete control over ingredients and flavor. |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What are the different flavors of Oxo cubes available?
Oxo offers a range of flavors including beef, chicken, vegetable, and lamb. Special editions and variations, such as reduced-salt options, are also available periodically. The specific product line may vary depending on region.
Are Oxo cubes gluten-free?
No, most Oxo cubes are not gluten-free, as they contain wheat flour. However, Oxo has introduced gluten-free options in some markets. Always check the label to confirm the ingredients.
Can I use Oxo cubes if I have a MSG sensitivity?
Yes and no. Some Oxo cubes contain MSG, while others do not. Read the ingredient list carefully if you have a MSG sensitivity. There are MSG-free versions of some Oxo cube flavors.
How should I store Oxo cubes?
Store Oxo cubes in a cool, dry place in an airtight container. This will help to prevent them from absorbing moisture and losing their flavor. They typically have a long shelf life, but it’s always best to check the expiration date.
Can Oxo cubes be used to make gravy?
Absolutely! Oxo cubes are a popular ingredient for making gravy. Dissolve the cube in hot water, then use the stock to thicken a roux (a mixture of butter and flour) to create a flavorful gravy.
What is the sodium content of an Oxo cube?
The sodium content varies slightly depending on the flavor and formulation, but Oxo cubes are generally high in sodium. Always check the nutritional information on the packaging for the precise sodium content. Using reduced-salt versions can help to mitigate this.
Are Oxo cubes vegetarian or vegan?
Vegetable Oxo cubes are generally vegetarian, but not always vegan. Beef and chicken varieties are obviously not suitable for either. Check the label carefully to confirm that the ingredients are suitable for your specific dietary needs.
Can I use Oxo cubes to season rice?
Yes, adding a crumbled Oxo cube to the cooking water while making rice can impart a savory flavor. This works especially well with beef or chicken varieties. Use sparingly to avoid over-salting the rice.
What is the equivalent of one Oxo cube in terms of fresh stock?
One Oxo cube typically makes around 500ml (1 pint) of stock. However, keep in mind that the flavor intensity will be different from homemade stock. Adjust the quantity of cubes used to taste.
Are Oxo cubes healthy?
Oxo cubes offer limited nutritional value and are high in sodium. They should be used in moderation as a flavor enhancer, rather than a primary source of nutrients. Homemade stock is generally a healthier alternative.
How do I prevent my Oxo cube from crumbling when dissolving it?
To help your Oxo cube dissolve smoothly, crumble it slightly before adding it to hot water. Stir well to ensure that it is completely dissolved.
Can I use Oxo cubes after their expiration date?
While Oxo cubes won’t necessarily spoil, their flavor and potency may diminish over time. It’s best to use them before the expiration date for optimal results. If you do use them after the expiration date, taste the resulting dish carefully and adjust the seasoning as needed.