What Is the MGO in Manuka Honey?
Manuka honey’s MGO represents the concentration of methylglyoxal, the key compound responsible for its unique antibacterial properties. It is a grading system that quantifies the level of this beneficial component.
Understanding Manuka Honey and its Origins
Manuka honey is a special type of honey originating from New Zealand and Australia, produced by bees that pollinate the Manuka bush (Leptospermum scoparium). Unlike typical honey, Manuka boasts significantly higher levels of antibacterial activity, making it highly sought after for its potential health benefits. For centuries, honey has been prized for its medicinal properties, but modern research has revealed the specific compounds contributing to Manuka’s remarkable effects.
The Discovery of MGO and its Significance
While honey contains natural antibacterial components like hydrogen peroxide, scientists discovered that Manuka honey possesses a non-peroxide antibacterial activity (NPA). This led to the identification of methylglyoxal (MGO) as the primary compound responsible for this powerful action. Higher MGO levels correlate directly with increased antibacterial potency. This discovery revolutionized the Manuka honey industry, providing a measurable standard for quality and efficacy.
How MGO is Measured and Graded
MGO is measured in mg/kg, meaning milligrams of methylglyoxal per kilogram of honey. The higher the number, the more MGO is present, and the stronger the antibacterial properties. The MGO rating system helps consumers understand the potency and quality of the Manuka honey they are purchasing. Independent laboratories conduct testing to determine MGO levels, providing certificates of analysis to verify the honey’s authenticity and grade.
MGO Levels and Their Corresponding Benefits
The MGO level directly impacts the antibacterial benefits of Manuka honey. While all Manuka honey contains some MGO, higher grades offer more pronounced effects.
| MGO Rating | Antibacterial Activity | Potential Uses |
|---|---|---|
| MGO 30+ | Low | General wellness, mild support |
| MGO 100+ | Moderate | Immune support, everyday use |
| MGO 250+ | Significant | Wound healing, digestive health, targeted support |
| MGO 400+ | High | Strong antibacterial action, serious conditions |
| MGO 550+ | Very High | Potent antibacterial and antiviral action, specialized needs |
It’s crucial to choose an MGO level that aligns with your intended use.
Choosing the Right MGO Level
Selecting the appropriate MGO level depends on your individual needs and desired benefits. For everyday use and general wellness, an MGO rating of 100+ may be sufficient. However, for more targeted applications such as wound healing or digestive support, a higher MGO rating of 400+ or 550+ might be more suitable. Consider consulting with a healthcare professional to determine the best MGO level for your specific circumstances.
The UMF Grading System vs. MGO
While MGO is a direct measurement of methylglyoxal, the Unique Manuka Factor (UMF) is a more comprehensive grading system that considers other factors contributing to Manuka honey’s unique properties. UMF includes leptosperin, DHA, and HMF, along with MGO. UMF provides a broader assessment of quality and authenticity.
| UMF Rating | Equivalent MGO Rating (Approximate) |
|---|---|
| UMF 5+ | MGO 83+ |
| UMF 10+ | MGO 263+ |
| UMF 15+ | MGO 514+ |
| UMF 20+ | MGO 829+ |
Consumers should look for certification from reputable organizations to ensure the accuracy of both MGO and UMF ratings.
Potential Health Benefits of MGO in Manuka Honey
MGO contributes to various potential health benefits attributed to Manuka honey, including:
- Wound Healing: MGO’s antibacterial properties can promote faster healing and reduce infection risk.
- Digestive Health: It may help balance gut bacteria and soothe digestive issues.
- Immune Support: MGO can stimulate the immune system and enhance the body’s defense mechanisms.
- Oral Health: It may help reduce plaque and gingivitis.
- Skin Conditions: Some individuals use Manuka honey topically for conditions like eczema and acne.
It’s important to note that while research is promising, further studies are needed to fully understand the extent of these benefits.
Common Misconceptions About MGO
A common misconception is that all honey has the same antibacterial properties as Manuka honey with high MGO levels. Regular honey contains primarily hydrogen peroxide as its antibacterial agent, which is easily deactivated by bodily fluids. Another misconception is that a high MGO rating automatically guarantees a superior product. Authenticity and proper handling also play vital roles. Always purchase from reputable sources and verify certification.
Ensuring Authenticity and Quality
To ensure you’re purchasing genuine Manuka honey with the claimed MGO level, look for these key indicators:
- Certification: Check for logos from reputable organizations like the UMF Honey Association or independent laboratories.
- Origin: Verify that the honey is sourced from New Zealand or Australia.
- MGO Rating: Confirm the MGO rating is clearly stated on the label.
- Brand Reputation: Choose brands with established reputations and transparent sourcing practices.
- Traceability: Look for brands that provide information about the honey’s origin and production process.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What exactly is methylglyoxal (MGO)?
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a naturally occurring compound found in Manuka honey, resulting from the conversion of dihydroxyacetone (DHA), a substance present in the nectar of the Manuka flower. It’s the key antibacterial component that sets Manuka honey apart from other types of honey.
How is MGO different from hydrogen peroxide in honey?
Regular honey’s antibacterial activity primarily comes from hydrogen peroxide, which is easily broken down by enzymes in the body. MGO, however, is more stable and retains its antibacterial potency even in the presence of bodily fluids, making it a more effective antibacterial agent in many applications.
Can MGO be artificially added to honey?
While theoretically possible, artificially adding MGO to honey is not a common practice due to the complexity and cost. Reputable Manuka honey producers rely on the natural MGO content derived from Manuka nectar. Look for certification to ensure authenticity.
What does MGO stand for?
MGO stands for methylglyoxal. This acronym is commonly used in the Manuka honey industry to represent the concentration of this important compound, simplifying communication and labeling.
Does higher MGO always mean better quality?
While higher MGO generally indicates stronger antibacterial activity, it doesn’t necessarily guarantee overall superior quality. Other factors like purity, origin, handling, and freshness also contribute to the quality of Manuka honey.
Is Manuka honey with high MGO safe for everyone?
Generally, Manuka honey is safe for most people. However, individuals with diabetes should consume it in moderation due to its sugar content. Also, infants under one year old should not consume any honey, including Manuka honey, due to the risk of botulism. If you have allergies to bees or bee products, exercise caution.
How should I store Manuka honey to preserve its MGO content?
To preserve the MGO content and quality of Manuka honey, store it in a cool, dark place, away from direct sunlight and heat. Keep the lid tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption. Proper storage helps maintain its potency and freshness.
Can I heat Manuka honey without destroying the MGO?
Heating Manuka honey can slightly reduce the MGO content, but it remains relatively stable at moderate temperatures. Avoid excessive heating or boiling, as this can significantly degrade the MGO and other beneficial compounds. Gentle warming is usually acceptable.
Where can I find reliable MGO information for Manuka honey brands?
Reliable MGO information can be found on the product label itself, as well as on the brand’s website and certification documents. Look for certifications from reputable organizations like the UMF Honey Association or independent testing laboratories. Third-party testing provides assurance of accuracy.
Can I use Manuka honey with high MGO for burns?
Manuka honey with high MGO has been shown to be effective in treating minor burns. Its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties can promote healing and reduce infection risk. Apply a thin layer of honey to the affected area and cover with a sterile dressing. Consult a healthcare professional for severe burns.
How does the diet of the bees affect the MGO content of the honey?
The diet of the bees is crucial. They must forage primarily on the Manuka bush (Leptospermum scoparium). If bees are feeding from other sources, the honey will not have the unique properties, nor contain the DHA needed to eventually create the MGO.
Is MGO the only factor that affects the price of Manuka honey?
No, MGO is not the only factor impacting price. Rarity and overall demand for Manuka honey affect pricing. In addition, higher UMF ratings, certifications from organizations such as the UMF Association, and the reputation and brand identity all factor in.