What To Plant Near Kale?
Planting companions for kale include aromatic herbs like rosemary and sage that deter pests, nitrogen-fixing legumes such as beans and peas to enrich the soil, and alliums like garlic and onions which repel aphids and other harmful insects, all contributing to a healthier and more productive kale crop.
Understanding Kale’s Needs
Kale, a nutrient-rich leafy green, thrives in cool weather and requires well-drained, fertile soil. Understanding these basic needs is crucial for selecting appropriate companion plants. Companion planting is an ancient agricultural technique that utilizes the beneficial interactions between different plants to enhance growth, deter pests, and improve overall garden health.
The Benefits of Companion Planting with Kale
Companion planting with kale offers several advantages:
- Pest Control: Certain plants repel common kale pests, such as aphids, cabbage worms, and flea beetles.
- Improved Growth: Some plants fix nitrogen in the soil, providing kale with essential nutrients.
- Weed Suppression: Dense ground covers can help to prevent weeds from competing with kale.
- Enhanced Flavor: Some gardeners believe companion planting can even improve the flavor of kale.
- Attracting Pollinators: Certain plants attract beneficial insects, which can further aid in pest control and pollination of other garden plants.
Top Companion Plants for Kale
Choosing the right companion plants is essential for maximizing benefits. Here are some of the most effective companions for kale:
- Aromatic Herbs: Rosemary, sage, thyme, and oregano are excellent choices. Their strong scents deter many common kale pests.
- Alliums: Garlic, onions, leeks, and chives repel aphids, cabbage moths, and other insects.
- Legumes: Beans, peas, and clover fix nitrogen in the soil, enriching it for kale.
- Nasturtiums: These edible flowers attract aphids away from kale and act as a trap crop. They also repel whiteflies and cabbage loopers.
- Marigolds: These flowers are known for their ability to repel nematodes and other soil pests. They also attract beneficial insects.
- Dill: Dill attracts beneficial insects like ladybugs and hoverflies, which prey on aphids and other kale pests.
- Chamomile: This herb attracts beneficial insects and is thought to improve the flavor of kale.
- Spinach: Spinach can act as a groundcover, suppressing weeds and helping to retain moisture in the soil.
Plants to Avoid Planting Near Kale
While many plants make excellent companions for kale, some should be avoided. These plants can compete for resources, attract pests, or inhibit kale growth.
- Strawberries: Can attract slugs, which can damage kale.
- Nightshades (Tomatoes, Peppers, Eggplant): These plants are susceptible to similar diseases and pests as kale, increasing the risk of infestation.
- Fennel: Inhibits the growth of many plants, including kale.
- Brassicas (Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage): While they share similar growing conditions, they attract the same pests and diseases, leading to increased problems.
Planting Strategies for Success
When planting companions with kale, consider the following strategies:
- Interplanting: Plant companion plants directly among kale plants.
- Border Planting: Plant companions along the edges of the kale bed.
- Crop Rotation: Rotate kale with companion plants to improve soil health and reduce pest problems.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Overcrowding: Ensure that plants have enough space to grow and access sunlight and nutrients.
- Ignoring Soil Needs: Amend the soil as needed to provide kale and its companions with the necessary nutrients.
- Neglecting Pest Monitoring: Regularly check plants for pests and diseases and take appropriate action.
- Choosing Incompatible Companions: Research companion plant pairings before planting to avoid negative interactions.
| Plant | Benefits | Potential Drawbacks |
|---|---|---|
| Rosemary | Deters cabbage moths, bean beetles, and carrot flies. | Can become woody and spread if not pruned regularly. |
| Garlic | Repels aphids, cabbage moths, and other insects. May also have antifungal properties. | Can compete for resources if planted too close. |
| Marigold | Repels nematodes and other soil pests. Attracts beneficial insects. | Can attract spider mites in dry conditions. |
| Nasturtium | Attracts aphids away from kale, acting as a trap crop. Repels whiteflies and cabbage loopers. | Can become invasive in some areas if not controlled. |
| Beans | Fixes nitrogen in the soil, enriching it for kale. | Can attract bean beetles in some regions. |
| Dill | Attracts beneficial insects like ladybugs and hoverflies, which prey on aphids and other kale pests. | May attract swallowtail butterfly caterpillars, which can feed on other plants. |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Will companion planting guarantee pest-free kale?
No, companion planting does not guarantee a pest-free garden. However, it can significantly reduce pest pressure and create a more balanced ecosystem where beneficial insects thrive, leading to fewer problems overall. Regular monitoring and other pest control methods may still be necessary.
How close should I plant companion plants to my kale?
The ideal spacing depends on the specific plants. Generally, allow enough space for both kale and its companions to reach their mature size without overcrowding. Refer to seed packets or plant labels for recommended spacing guidelines.
Can I plant flowers other than marigolds with kale?
Yes! While marigolds are a popular choice, other flowers like calendula and zinnias can also attract beneficial insects and add beauty to your garden. Ensure the flowers you choose are not known to attract pests that harm kale.
Are all types of beans good companions for kale?
Most types of beans are beneficial, but it’s best to choose varieties that are bush beans rather than pole beans, as pole beans can shade out kale if not properly managed. Avoid fava beans, as they can sometimes attract aphids.
Can I use companion planting in raised beds?
Absolutely! Companion planting is highly effective in raised beds, as it allows you to create a concentrated and well-managed growing environment. The same principles apply regarding spacing and plant compatibility.
Does companion planting affect the taste of kale?
Some gardeners believe that certain companion plants, like chamomile, can improve the flavor of kale. While scientific evidence is limited, the enhanced soil health from companion planting can contribute to overall plant health, potentially leading to better flavor.
How do I deal with a pest infestation even with companion plants?
Companion planting is a preventative measure, not a cure. If you have an infestation, consider organic pest control methods like insecticidal soap, neem oil, or hand-picking pests. Make sure to identify the pest first to choose the most effective treatment.
What if my companion plants attract more pests than they repel?
This is rare, but it can happen. If you notice a particular companion plant attracting unwanted pests, remove it immediately. Carefully observe your garden and adjust your planting strategy as needed.
Can I use companion planting in containers with kale?
Yes, you can! Choose smaller varieties of companion plants that won’t overcrowd the container. Herbs like thyme and rosemary are excellent choices. Ensure the container is large enough to accommodate all plants.
How do I choose the right companion plants for my specific climate?
Consider the specific climate requirements of both kale and its potential companions. Choose plants that thrive in similar conditions and are suited to your local growing season.
Is there a ‘best’ companion plant for kale?
There’s no single “best” companion plant, as the ideal choice depends on your specific needs and goals. A combination of aromatic herbs, alliums, and legumes often provides the most comprehensive benefits.
Can I use companion planting to attract pollinators to my kale garden, even though kale doesn’t need pollinators itself?
Yes, attracting pollinators to your garden is always beneficial! Even though kale doesn’t need pollination, these pollinators will help other flowering plants in your garden produce vegetables or fruits. This creates a more biodiverse and thriving ecosystem, and some of these pollinators will also prey on kale pests.