When to Pick Figs?
Figs are ripe for picking when they’re slightly soft to the touch, their color has deepened to its characteristic hue for their variety, and they often begin to droop on the branch, sometimes even splitting slightly.
Introduction: The Sweet Reward of Patience
Figs, those teardrop-shaped delights, are a fruit lover’s treasure. But unlocking their sweetness requires a keen understanding of when to harvest. Pick them too early, and you’re left with a bland, astringent disappointment. Pick them too late, and the birds and insects will beat you to the punch, leaving you with a mushy, overripe mess. This article delves into the art and science of fig picking, ensuring you enjoy the peak flavor and texture of this delectable fruit.
Background: Fig Varieties and Ripening Signals
Understanding when to pick figs begins with understanding the figs themselves. Hundreds of fig varieties exist, each with unique characteristics. Some are green when ripe (e.g., Kadota), while others are purple (e.g., Black Mission) or brown (e.g., Brown Turkey). Knowing your fig variety is crucial, as the color change is a primary indicator of ripeness.
Beyond color, other signs can signal that your figs are ready for harvest:
- Softness: Gently squeeze the fig. If it yields to light pressure, it’s likely ripe.
- Drooping: Ripe figs often droop on the branch, their stems weakening.
- Splitting: Many fig varieties develop small splits in their skin when ripe. These aren’t necessarily a sign of spoilage but rather an indication that the fruit is swelling with sugary goodness.
- Neck Bend: In some varieties, the neck (where the fig joins the stem) will bend noticeably.
- Sugar Droplets: Some ripe figs will secrete a small drop of sugary nectar from the eye (the small opening at the bottom of the fig).
- Bird Activity: Let’s be honest – if the birds are actively going after your figs, they’re probably ripe!
The Picking Process: Gentle Handling is Key
Once you’ve identified ripe figs, the picking process is straightforward, but delicate:
- Gently grasp the fig near the stem.
- Twist and pull upwards or sideways. A ripe fig should detach easily from the branch.
- Avoid squeezing the fruit too hard, as this can bruise it.
- Handle figs with care to prevent damage and bruising.
Common Mistakes: Avoid These Pitfalls
Several common mistakes can lead to prematurely or improperly harvested figs:
- Picking Based on Color Alone: While color is a key indicator, it’s crucial to consider other signs of ripeness, such as softness and drooping.
- Picking When Hard: Figs that are hard to the touch are not ripe and will likely be bland and astringent.
- Ignoring Variety Differences: Each fig variety ripens at a different time and displays different ripening characteristics.
- Rough Handling: Figs are delicate and easily bruised. Handle them gently to prevent damage.
- Picking Too Early in the Season: Give your fig tree adequate time to ripen its fruit. Early-season figs are often less flavorful than those that ripen later in the season.
Table: Fig Ripening Characteristics by Variety (Example)
| Variety | Color When Ripe | Other Ripening Signs | Harvest Time (approximate) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black Mission | Deep Purple | Soft to the touch, drooping, slight splits | Late Summer |
| Brown Turkey | Brown | Soft, drooping, neck bend | Mid-Summer |
| Kadota | Yellow-Green | Soft, slight drooping, sugary droplets | Late Summer |
| Celeste | Brown-Purple | Soft, drooping, longitudinal cracks in skin | Early Summer |
| LSU Gold | Yellow | Soft, pronounced drooping, sugary nectar at eye | Mid-Summer |
Storage and Preservation: Making the Most of Your Harvest
Fresh figs are highly perishable and should be eaten or processed soon after picking. Here are some storage and preservation tips:
- Refrigeration: Store ripe figs in the refrigerator for up to a few days.
- Freezing: Freeze whole or sliced figs for later use in smoothies, baking, or jams.
- Drying: Dry figs in a dehydrator or oven for a longer-lasting treat.
- Jams and Preserves: Make fig jam, preserves, or chutney to enjoy your harvest throughout the year.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can I ripen figs after picking them if they are not fully ripe?
Unfortunately, figs are not climacteric fruits, meaning they don’t significantly ripen after being picked. They may soften slightly, but their sugar content and flavor will not improve. It’s best to leave them on the tree until fully ripe.
Why are my figs dropping before they ripen?
Fig drop can be caused by a variety of factors, including: inadequate watering, nutrient deficiencies, pests, or stress. Ensuring your fig tree has proper care and is protected from pests can help prevent premature fig drop.
How can I protect my figs from birds and insects?
Netting is the most effective way to protect figs from birds. For insects, consider using organic insecticidal soap or horticultural oil, but be careful to apply it according to the instructions and avoid spraying during flowering.
What is the best time of day to pick figs?
Picking figs in the morning, after the dew has dried, is generally recommended. This allows the figs to be slightly drier and less susceptible to bruising or rot.
How do I know if my fig tree is getting enough water?
Check the soil moisture around the base of the tree. The soil should be consistently moist but not waterlogged. Wilting leaves can also indicate a lack of water.
What are the best conditions for growing fig trees?
Fig trees thrive in warm, sunny locations with well-drained soil. They also benefit from protection from strong winds.
How often should I fertilize my fig tree?
Fertilize fig trees in early spring with a balanced fertilizer. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production.
What is the white sap that comes out of figs when picked? Is it harmful?
The white sap is latex, a natural substance found in fig trees. It can be irritating to the skin for some people, so it’s best to wear gloves when picking figs. It is generally not harmful if ingested in small amounts but can cause mild discomfort.
My figs are splitting. Does this mean they are overripe?
Splitting can indicate ripeness in many fig varieties, especially if accompanied by other signs like softness and drooping. However, excessive splitting can also indicate overwatering or inconsistent watering.
How long does it take for a fig tree to produce fruit?
Most fig trees start producing fruit within 1-3 years of planting, although this can vary depending on the variety and growing conditions. Established trees produce a heavier crop than newly planted ones.
What should I do with figs that are damaged or not quite ripe?
Damaged figs can be discarded or composted. Figs that are not quite ripe can be used in cooking, such as in sauces or chutneys, where their flavor can be enhanced with other ingredients. They won’t sweeten but the texture can be softened.
Can I grow fig trees in pots?
Yes, fig trees can be successfully grown in pots. Choose a large pot with good drainage and use a well-draining potting mix. Potted fig trees may require more frequent watering and fertilization than those planted in the ground.